The table shows the results of a cross tabulation of gender and whether a person is happy in his or her marriage, according to data obtained from the a 2008 survey.
Complete parts a through \( \mathrm{c} \) below.
\begin{tabular}{ccccc}
\multicolumn{5}{c}{ Happiness } \\
\hline Gender & \begin{tabular}{c}
Not \\
Happy
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c}
Pretty \\
Happy
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c}
Very \\
Happy
\end{tabular} & Total \\
\hline Females & 17 & 183 & 297 & 497 \\
Expected & 16.07 & 175.69 & 305.25 & \\
\begin{tabular}{c}
Count \\
Males
\end{tabular} & 14 & 156 & 292 & 462 \\
Expected & 14.93 & 163.31 & 283.75 & \\
\hline Count & 31 & 339 & 589 & 959
\end{tabular}
a. If we carry out a test to determine whether these variables are associated, is this a test of independence, homogeneity, or goodness of fit?
homogeneity
goodness of fit
independence