The transduction of light by rods reflects a(n) ______ in the release of the neurotransmitter ______. A. increase; glutamate B. decrease; GABA C. increase; GABA D. decrease; glutamate
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A rod cell in the retina exposed to light will ____ a. undergo a depolarization that will decrease its release of glutamate. b. undergo a depolarization that will increase its release of glutamate. c. fire action potentials that will increase its release of glutamate. d. undergo a hyperpolarization that will decrease its release of glutamate. e. undergo a hyperpolarization that will increase its release of glutamate.
Madhur L.
With reference to the above diagram, bipolar cell 1' depolarizes (as shown) in response to stimulation of rod cell 1 with a small spot of light. Stimulation of rod 2, on the other hand, results in hyperpolarization of bipolar cell 1'. Photic stimulation of photoreceptor 2 would have what effect on the release of neurotransmitter by photoreceptor 1? Decrease Increase No change
Supreeta N.
You measure changes in membrane potential in an ON-center bipolar cell that is exposed to light in the center of its receptive field. What response would you expect to see? a. An action potential b. Depolarization due to increased release of glutamate by the photoreceptor cell c. Hyperpolarization due to decreased release of glutamate by the photoreceptor cell d. Hyperpolarization due to increased release of glutamate by the photoreceptor cell e. Depolarization due to decreased release of glutamate by the photoreceptor cell 28. The mechanism that accounts for light-induced hyperpolarization of photoreceptors is a. the gating of ion channels by released retinal monomers. b. a sudden increase in the concentration of cAMP, leading to activation of potassium channels. c. a rapid fall in the concentration of cGMP, leading to closure of Na+/Ca2+ channels. d. a rapid rise in the concentration of cGMP, leading to closure of Na+/Ca2+ channels. 29. You conduct a voltage clamp experiment in which you hold the presynaptic terminal of a glutamatergic neuron at 0 mV. When you treat the terminal with TTX, an inward current is recorded. Which ion and ion channels are responsible for the current you observe? a. Calcium; voltage-gated calcium channels b. Sodium; voltage-gated sodium channels c. Potassium; voltage-gated potassium channels d. Calcium; ligand-gated non-specific cation channels
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