The value of ?H° for the following reaction is –3351 kJ: 4Al(s) + 3O2 (g) ? 2 Al2O3(s) The value of the change in enthalpy of formation, ?Hf ° for Al2O3(s) is ________ kJ. -16.43 kJ -32.86 kJ -3351 kJ -1676 kJ
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The enthalpy changes of these reactions can be measured: $$ \begin{aligned} \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}(\mathrm{~g})+3 \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell) & \\ \Delta H^{\circ} &=-1411.1 \mathrm{~kJ} \\ \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}(\ell)+3 \mathrm{O}_{2}(\mathrm{~g}) \longrightarrow 2 \mathrm{CO}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})+3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell) \\ \Delta H^{\circ}=-1367.5 \mathrm{~kJ} \end{aligned} $$ Use these values and Hess's law to determine the enthalpy change for the reaction $$ \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}(\mathrm{~g})+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(\ell) \longrightarrow \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}(\ell) $$
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