There are four types of packet delays. List all of them and explain how these delays are generated. (6 pts)
Added by Mark H.
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The four types of packet delays are: 1. Transmission Delay 2. Propagation Delay 3. Queuing Delay 4. Processing Delay Show more…
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Delay is an important parameter in assessing the quality of a network. Describe various causes of delay and explain how the long delays can cause information packet loss.
Adi S.
1. The size of the TCP rwnd only reduces as more and more segments are received by the receiver from the sender. 2. Support Host A is sending Host B a large file over a TCP connection. The number of unacknowledged bytes that A sends cannot exceed the size of the receive buffer. 3. Suppose Host A is sending Host B a large file over a TCP connection. If the sequence number for a segment of this connection is m, then the sequence number for the subsequent segment will be m+n, where n is the size (in bytes) of the mth segment. 4. Suppose Host A is sending Host B a large file over a TCP connection. If the sequence number for a segment of this connection is m, then the sequence number in the acknowledgement from B to A would be m+1. 5. Suppose Host A sends one segment with sequence number 38 and 4 bytes of data over a TCP connection to Host B. In this same segment, the acknowledgement number is necessarily 42. 6. One of the problems with the Go-back-N algorithm is that a single packet error can cause it to retransmit a larger number of packets, many unnecessarily. 7. Both Go-back-N and Selective Repeat can be implemented using a single timer at the sender side. 8. By default, TCP uses cumulative acknowledgements. 9. With TCP, if sampleRTT values have a lot of variation, TimeoutInterval will be smaller. 10. With TCP, the timer at any time can be thought of as being associated with the oldest acknowledged segment. 11. A congested network results in packets being dropped at routers due to buffer overflow. 12. In the slow start phase of TCP congestion control, the congestion window is doubled after every acknowledgement. 13. In the congestion avoidance phase of TCP congestion control, the congestion window is increased by 1 MSS every RTT. 14. It is possible for a sender to receive an ACK for a packet that falls outside of its current window in the Go-back-N protocol. 15. It is possible for a sender to receive an ACK for a packet that falls outside of its current window in the Selective Repeat protocol.
Akash M.
Consider two hosts, A and B, connected by a single link of rate R bps. Suppose that the two hosts are separated by m meters, and suppose the propagation speed along the link is s meters/sec.Host A is to send a packet of size L bits to host B.a. Express the propagation delay, dprop, in terms of m and s.b. Determine the transmission time of the packet, dtrans, in terms of L and R.c. Ignoring processing and queuing delays, obtain an expression for the end-to-end delay.d. Suppose host A begins to transmit the packet at time t= 0, at time t =dtrans, where is the last bit of the packet?e. Suppose dprop is greater than dtrans. At time t =dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?f. Suppose dprop is less than dtrans. At time t =dtrans, where is the first bit of the packet?g. Suppose s = 2.5 x 10^8 , L=100 bits, and R=28 Kbps. Find the distance m so that dprop = dtrans.
Supreeta N.
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