00:01
All right, so if you look at a general periodic table here, let's look at the number of valence electrons, and we're also going to look at charge.
00:17
All right, so in terms of valence electrons, the first column, the alkali metals has one valence electron.
00:23
Alkaline earth metals have two.
00:25
We're going to skip the middle.
00:27
We'll go back where the periodic table bounces back up a little bit, and those six columns have.
00:33
Have three, four, five, six, seven, eight valence electrons.
00:41
Now as ions, the key are for elements to either give up or bring in electrons in order to fill their valence shell.
00:53
Remember filling their shell as eight.
00:56
We can either get eight by bringing more electrons in to fill the shell to eight, or we can get them by removing electrons because the shell below has eight.
01:07
So in terms of one valence electron, it will get rid of that valence electron.
01:13
It'll get rid of a negative thing.
01:16
It'll have a positive one charge.
01:18
If it gets rid of two electrons, if it gets rid of two negative things, positive two charge.
01:24
If it gets rid of three negative things, positive three charge.
01:28
Four gets a little iffy.
01:30
But when we go beyond four, it's easier for the atom to bring electrons in to get to eight...