00:01
So for this problem, i first need to note that by numerary policies, i can't copy down all of the text for each one of the different statements, but i'll just sort of give the important cues here.
00:11
So we have that an arguer cites a statement by a recognized expert, a recognized expert within their field of expertise.
00:33
So if it was outside of their field of expertise, that would be an appeal to unqualified authority.
00:38
But in this case, well, since the topic or since the statement is within the expert's range of expertise, the expert is qualified, and therefore this is not an example of unqualified authority.
00:51
So statement one is false.
00:53
For statement two, so we have an arguer cites a statement in support of a conclusion reflects the strong bias of the cited statement or of the author of the cited statement.
01:15
That means unqualified authority.
01:22
Well, in this case, we don't know whether or not the author of the original statement, this biased author, is an authority or not, or if the statement is being cited because that person's an authority.
01:34
And we also don't know if the author of the original statement, which is being cited, is unqualified to make that statement or not.
01:42
We just know that they're biased.
01:43
So statement two is false.
01:46
Statement three, well, for statement three, we have that an appeal to ignorance, it's basically that something is true because there is no counter evidence.
02:14
So it doesn't actually have anything to do with an arguer accusing the reader or listener of being ignorant.
02:21
I'll also note it could be, in appeal to ignorance, it could be something is false because there is no evidence for it.
02:28
So that means that statement three here is false.
02:33
Statement four, that's true.
02:35
Just another thing going back to the appeal to ignorance, making an argument about something having not been proven beyond a reasonable doubt about the guilt of the defendant, that again, that's not appeal to ignorance, just on a fundamental level.
02:52
For step five, or part five, hasty generalization, well, yes, it does always proceed from the particular to the general...