Results Calculated Required Percent Asphalt at 4% Stability 1070 Min. 1200 Fail/Pass Flow 8 to 16 Fail/Pass Bulk Specific Gravity N/A N/A VMA 14 Fail/Pass VFA 65 to 78 Fail/Pass
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An article in Thin Solid Films (504, "A Study of Si/SiGe Selective Epitaxial Growth by Experimental Design Approach," 2006, Vol. 504, pp. 95-100) describes the use of a fractional factorial design to investigate the sensitivity of low-temperature (740-760°C) Si/SiGe selective epitaxial growth to changes in five factors and their two-factor interactions. The five factors are SiH2Cl2, GeH4, HCl, B2H6, and temperature. The factor levels studied are: Factors SiH2Cl2 8, 12 (sccm) GeH4 7.2, 10.8 (sccm) HCl 3.2, 4.8 (sccm) B2H6 4.4, 6.6 (sccm) Temperature 740, 760 (°C) Table P8.8 contains the design matrix and the three measured responses. Bede RADS Mercury software based on the Takagi-Taupin dynamical scattering theory was used to extract the Si cap thickness, SiGe thickness, and Ge concentration of each sample. (a) What design did the experimenters use? What is the defining relation? (b) Will the experimenters be able to estimate all main effects and two-factor interactions with this experimental design? (c) Analyze all three responses and draw conclusions. (d) Is there any indication of curvature in the responses? (e) Analyze the residuals and comment on model adequacy TABLE P8.8 The Epitaxial Growth Experiment in Problem 8.36 Run order | A | B | C | D | E | Si cap thickness (Å) | SiGe thickness (Å) | Ge concentration (at.%) 7 | - | - | - | - | + | 371.18 | 475.05 | 8.53 17 | + | - | - | - | - | 152.36 | 325.21 | 9.74 6 | - | + | - | - | - | 91.69 | 258.60 | 9.78 10 | + | + | - | - | + | 234.48 | 392.27 | 9.14 16 | - | - | + | - | - | 151.36 | 440.37 | 12.13 2 | + | - | + | - | + | 324.49 | 623.60 | 10.68 15 | - | + | + | - | + | 215.91 | 518.50 | 11.42 4 | + | + | + | - | - | 97.91 | 356.67 | 12.96 9 | - | - | - | + | - | 186.07 | 320.95 | 7.87 13 | + | - | - | + | + | 388.69 | 487.16 | 7.14 18 | - | + | - | + | + | 277.39 | 422.35 | 6.40 5 | + | + | - | + | - | 131.25 | 241.51 | 8.54 14 | - | - | + | + | + | 378.41 | 630.90 | 9.17 3 | + | - | + | + | - | 192.65 | 437.53 | 10.35 1 | - | + | + | + | - | 128.99 | 346.22 | 10.95 12 | + | + | + | + | + | 298.40 | 526.69 | 9.73 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 215.70 | 416.44 | 9.78 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 212.21 | 419.24 | 9.80
Rachel G.
Use the following information to answer the next 5 questions: The Hawaiian Islands are home to honeycreepers, a diverse group of birds with curved beaks that feed on the nectar of different flowers. The Iiwi and Apapane are two species of Hawaiian Honeycreepers. The Iiwi is endangered. To protect the species, conservation planners are trying to engage students of Hawaiian high schools to grow and plant more lobeliid flowers. They set up an experiment to test the best conditions to grow lobeliid flowers. The high school students are very engaged in this project and apply their knowledge of plant growth to create a successful experiment; however, Dan the Beagle is on vacation in Hawaii and wants to participate. He gets some lobeliid seedlings and puts them in a dark closet where he waters them regularly. 1. According to the 2012 Christmas bird count there were 38 Iiwi in an area of 50 square miles of Haleakala National park on the Island of Maui. What is the population density of Iiwi? A) 0.76 liwi per square mile B) 1.35 liwi per square mile C) 7.6 liwi per square mile D) 135 liwi per square mile E) 1850 liwi per square mile 2. The carrying capacity of Apapane in Haleakala National Park is 100. If there were 85 Apapane at Christmas 2012 and r = 0.6, how many Apapane should there have been at Christmas 2013? A) 8 B) 51 C) 93 D) 100 E) 185 3. Given the information in the previous question, you would correctly predict that... A) Apapane show exponential growth. B) Apapane show logistic growth. C) dN/dt equals zero. D) K will decrease over time. E) Apapane show density independent growth. 4. If a volcanic eruption occurred on a Hawaiian island and killed many Iiwi and Apapane you would consider this A) coevolution B) a founder effect C) adaptive radiation D) density dependent event E) a density independent event 5. Which of the following graphs below correctly shows the relationship between temperature and metabolic rate in Iiwi, the honeycreeper, in Hawaii?
Adi S.
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