View History Bookmarks Window Help campused.learnercommunity.com Navigation Menu An elective surgery is an optional surgery. Oan emergency procedure. medically necessary but can be done at the patient's convenience. A Review 87,295 X OC
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Step 1: An elective surgery is a surgery that is not immediately necessary to save a life or limb. Show more…
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Part V – Seeing the Orthopedic Surgeon #2 After viewing the MRI and talking with Elaine, Dr. Leutz strongly advised her to have reconstructive surgery on the ACL and to use conservative therapy on the partially torn medial collateral ligament. First, though, he wanted her to —pre-hab—that is, take physical therapy for several weeks—in order to have the knee and leg in the best possible shape before the surgery. She was also instructed to use a more substantial brace. Dr. Leutz described the procedure: either a cadaver tendon OR the middle third of her patellar tendon would be removed and used to replace the ACL, which would be removed. Elaine opted to use her own tendon. Five weeks later, Elaine went in for surgery. She was given a drug used for conscious sedation as well as a general anesthetic. Through the arthroscope the surgeon noted significant injury to both the medial and lateral menisci, which he repaired with sutures and screws. The pieces of the torn ACL were removed. A superficial incision was made in the midline of her right knee and a piece of patellar tendon was removed, along with the attaching small pieces of bone to use for the grafting procedure. Unfortunately, when the piece of patellar bone was chiseled out, the patella itself fractured. The fracture was repaired with metal screws, the incision was closed, and Elaine was discharged from the hospital. Questions 1. What are the primary movements of the knee joint? 2. What muscle groups are the most important in flexion and extension of the knee? 3. What happens to muscle and bone tissue when they are not used? 4. Why could a tendon be used to replace a ligament? Hint: think histology. 5. Consider the overall structure of the knee joint. (You may wish to draw a picture or label a diagram.) What type of membrane lines the joint? What is its function? Was it cut in any way during the surgery? 6. Of the structures injured (patella, MCL, ACL, menisci), which will heal the fastest? Why? 7. Every incision will form some sort of scar. What is the term for scarring of a tissue? What cell type is most important for scar formation?
Madhur L.
In an experiment to compare two different surgical procedures for hernia repair ("A Single-Blinded, Randomized Comparison of Laparoscopic Versus Open Hernia Repair in Children," Pediatrics [2009]: 332-336), 89 children were assigned at random to one of the two surgical methods. The methods studied were laparoscopic repair and open repair. In laparoscopic repair, three small incisions are made and the surgeon works through these incisions with the aid of a small camera that is inserted through one of the incisions. In the open repair, a larger incision is used to open the abdomen. One of the response variables in this study was the amount of medication that was given after the surgery for the control of pain and nausea. The paper states "For
Sheryl E.
Andrew returned for his follow-up visit last week with increased pain and edema in his right knee and was scheduled for an arthroscopy. He presents to the surgical center today for a right knee diagnostic arthroscopy with synovial biopsy. Anesthesia is being performed on this 72-year-old male patient by a CRNA with medical supervision by a physician. Other than osteoarthritis, Andrew has essential hypertension, which is well-controlled. Postoperatively the patient was placed in a prefabricated canvas longitudinal knee immobilizer
Dave K.
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