What accounts for the behavior observed in Part B when p-toluidine and o-nitrophenol were mixed together in a mortar?
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(A) and (b) are respectively (a) o-nitrophenol and o-nitrobenzoic acid. (b) p-nitrosophenol and p-nitrophenol (c) m-nitrosophenol and m-nitrophenol (d) p-nitrosophenol and $\mathrm{p}$ -aminophenol
What is the principal product when p-toluidine is treated with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at 0-5 degrees Celsius, and this mixture is added to o-ethylphenol?
Maitreya E.
Consider the following experiments with trityl chloride, $\mathrm{Ph}_{3} \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{Cl}$, a very reactive tertiary alkyl halide: (1) In aqueous acetone, the reaction of trityl chloride follows a rate law that is first order in the alkyl halide, and the product is trityl alcohol, $\mathrm{Ph}_{3} \mathrm{C} \rightarrow \mathrm{OH}$. (2) In another reaction, when one equivalent of sodium azide $\left(\mathrm{Na}^{+} \mathrm{N}_{3}^{-} ;\right.$ see Table $9.3,$ p. 396 ) is added to a solution that is otherwise identical to that used in experiment (1), the reaction rate is the same as in (1); however, the product isolated in good yield is trityl azide, $\mathrm{Ph}_{3} \mathrm{C}-\mathrm{N}_{3-}$ (3) In a reaction mixture in which both sodium azide and sodium hydroxide are present in equal concentrations, both trityl alcohol and trityl azide are formed, but the reaction rate is again unchanged. Explain why the reaction rate is the same but the products are different in these three experiments.
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