00:01
So we're looking at descriptive representation, symbolic representation, and subjective, excuse me, substantive representation, and how they affect the impact of the racial and ethnic minority in congress.
00:28
So start out with defining the three types and we know that the descriptive refers to the extent to which the elected officials physically resemble the constituents they represent and this would focus on race, ethnicity, gender or symbolic representation that involves the symbols and actions they convey or that i should say that convey the values and ethos of a community often influencing how the communities perceive their significance and inclusion in the political process and then the substantive representation on the other hand refers to the advocacy and enactment of policies that reflect the interests and needs of a community regardless of the representatives personal characteristics so the impact for racial and minority in racial and ethnic minorities in congress when we look at that idea we would on to analyze each type of representation how it affects the impact of racial and ethnic minorities in congress for instance increasing if we increase the descriptive if we increase the descriptive representation that can enhance the legitimacy of the political system among minority communities and and ensure that their perspectives are included in the legislative process.
03:22
Symbolic representation can foster a sense of belonging and empowerment among the communities, and the substantive ensures that the specific interests and needs of the racial and ethnic minority are, minorities are addressed.
03:40
So the role by the policy making, the role of, let me switch colors here, the role of your congressional leaders, you may want to discuss how we have congressional leaders who are chairs, the leaders who might be committee chairs.
04:01
Chairs, and in informal organizations also, like the black caucus or the congressional hispanic caucus, they can influence racial and minority politics...