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The three primary schools of criminology, classical, positivist, and critical, each offer different perspectives and continue to inform contemporary discussions of crime and justice.
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Let's start with classical criminology.
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Free will and rational choice.
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Classical criminology, founded by thinkers like susan bacaria and jeremy benton, emphasizes that individuals make rational decisions to commit crimes based on a cost -benefit analysis.
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It argues that the fear of punishment can deter crime if punishments are swift, certain, and proportionate.
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Many modern criminal justice policies, such as the mandatory sentencing and three -strikes laws, are based on the principles of deterrence and rational choice.
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The emphasis on proportionality and fairness in sentences reflects class.
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Classical ideas.
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Contemporary debates on reforming sentencing practices to be more equitable and just are, these are influenced by classical principles...