What is the NIOSH maximum permissible limit (in Newtons, lbs., or kg.) for compression force in the lumbar (low-back) spine?
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How much compressive stress is applied to the L1-L2 vertebral disc of a 847 N man before descending into a back squat with a 181 kg bar sitting across his upper back? Assuming the vertebral disc supports 40% of the man's weight and has a surface area of 25 cm². 41.1 N/cm² 104.9 N/cm² 84.6 N/cm² 20.8 N/cm²
Shaiju T.
Assume a person bends forward to lift a load "with his back" as shown in Figure P12.42a. The person's spine pivots mainly at the fifth lumbar vertebra, with the principal supporting force provided by the erector spinalis muscle in the back. To estimate the magnitude of the forces involved, consider the model shown in Figure P12.42b for a person bending forward to lift a 200-N object. The person's spine and upper body are represented as a uniform horizontal rod of weight 350 N, pivoted at the base of the spine. The erector spinalis muscle, attached at a point two thirds of the way up the spine, maintains the position of the back. The angle between the spine and this muscle is 12.0°. Find (a) the tension in the back muscle and (b) the compressional force in the spine. (c) Is this method a good way to lift a load? Explain your answer, using the results of parts (a) and (b). It can be instructive to compare a human to other animals. Can you suggest a better method to lift a load?
Supratim P.
Assume a person bends forward to lift a load "with his back" as shown in Figure P12.42a. The person's spine pivots mainly at the fifth lumbar vertebra, with the principal supporting force provided by the erector spinalis muscle in the back. To estimate the magnitude of the forces involved, consider the model shown in Figure Pl2.42b for a person bending forward to lift a 200 -N object. The person's spine and upper body are represented as a uniform horizontal rod of weight 350 $\mathrm{N}$ , pivoted at the base of the spine. The erector spinalis muscle, attached at a point two thirds of the way up the spine, maintains the position of the back. The angle between the spine and this muscle is $12.0^{\circ} .$ Find $(a)$ the tension in the back muscle and (b) the compressional force in the spine. (c) Is this method a good way to lift a load? Explain your answer, using the results of parts (a) and (b). It can be instructive to compare a human to other animals. Can you suggest a better method to lift a load?
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