Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a carbonyl...

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a carbonyl group? A) sp2 hybridized carbon atom B) carbonyl carbon atom is electrophilic C) carbonyl oxygen atom is nucleophilic D) carbon - oxygen bond is non-polar E) The carbonyl oxygen atom contains two lone pairs in sp2 hybridized orbitals

Transcript

00:01 Hello.

00:02 Here i've got drawn a simple carbonyl group.

00:05 A carbonyl group is just a carbon that has a double bond out to an oxygen.

00:10 And then either side of the carbons, there's just more carbon groups.

00:14 Okay, those can be a number of things, but they have to be carbons.

00:18 If it was like a hydrogen or an oxygen off to that side, it wouldn't be a carbonyl group anymore, at least not just one.

00:26 So, all right, this is our group.

00:27 So let's go through our options.

00:29 It looks like we're looking for the one that's false.

00:31 Okay, so to start with, option a, carbon is sp2 hybridized? right, now, of course, we're referring to this carbon here in the middle, the one that's actually part of the carbonyl group.

00:45 Now, sp2 hybridized means that you have got three things, three atoms, attached to you.

00:54 All right, so we have an oxygen and then two carbons for a total of three things attached to that.

01:00 It doesn't matter that one is a double bond.

01:03 That's fine.

01:04 Okay.

01:04 So that is true.

01:07 To kind of cover some background stuff, a carbon that would only be sp hybridized.

01:13 I'm totally making this some things up here.

01:16 But in order for that to be sp hybridized, you would only have two atoms attached to it.

01:22 Okay.

01:23 Sp3 is like you're saying, or sp2, sorry, words are not my friend right now.

01:30 So sp2 would be if there are three things attached to it.

01:38 And then lastly, you have got, if there's four things attached to it, then that would be sp3.

01:50 All right.

01:50 And it doesn't just apply to carbons.

01:52 This is for any atoms.

01:54 Okay, you can be sp.

01:55 All right.

01:57 Okay, so that one is true.

01:58 B, carbon is electrophilic, which follows by c, oxygen is netherphylic.

02:04 Nucleophilic.

02:05 Being electrophilic, these are actually organic chemistry terms.

02:10 So if you're coming in from general chemistry, that's a little bit of a weird question.

02:14 But if you're in organic chemistry, i can understand this coming up.

02:18 Electrophilic means that you're positive, right? you don't necessarily have a full positive charge, but you're near something that's trying to steal electrons from you.

02:29 And nucleophilic means that you're negative.

02:33 This happens when you're, you have two atoms in a bond where one is more electronegative than the other.

02:41 The term i just used there was electronegative.

02:48 Electrnegativity is how much an atom pulls electrons towards itself trying to steal it from its neighbors.

02:58 So an atom that is more electronegative will pull on the electrons in the bond.

03:04 And this happens with carbon and oxygen.

03:07 Oxygen is more electronegative.

03:09 I'll show you on the periodic table how to know that in a second...

Question

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a carbonyl group? A) sp2 hybridized carbon atom B) carbonyl carbon atom is electrophilic C) carbonyl oxygen atom is nucleophilic D) carbon - oxygen bond is non-polar E) The carbonyl oxygen atom contains two lone pairs in sp2 hybridized orbitals

Please give Ace some feedback