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Here we have multiple questions, so we're going to start with question 12.
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The correct option here is a, kingsley davis.
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Kingsley davis was a prominent sociologist and demographer during the 20th century.
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He is known for his work on human population, resources, and the theory of social stratification.
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He argued that social stratification, which is the division of society into different levels based on wealth, power, and prestige, is a universal and necessary aspect of society.
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He believed that it is a means of fulfilling the functional prerequisites of society, such as the need for certain jobs to be performed by individuals with the appropriate skills and qualifications.
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Question 13, the correct answer here is c, status differentiation.
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Status differentiation is the element of social stratification that determines and differentiates social roles.
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It refers to the process by which different statuses develop in any group, organization, or society.
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The roles that people play in society, such as parent, student, or worker, are associated with different statuses...
