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College Algebra

R. David Gustafson, Jeffrey D. Hughes

Chapter 0

A Review of Basic Algebra - all with Video Answers

Educators


Section 1

Sets of Real Numbers

00:54

Problem 1

Fill in the blanks.
A _________ is a collection of objects.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:10

Problem 2

Fill in the blanks.
If every member of one set $B$ is also a member of a _______ second set $A,$ then $B$ is called a _______ of $A$.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:01

Problem 3

Fill in the blanks.
If $A$ and $B$ are two sets, the set that contains all members that are in sets $A$ and $B$ or both is called the ______ of $A$ and $B.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:16

Problem 4

Fill in the blanks.
If $A$ and $B$ are two sets, the set that contains all members that are in both sets is called the ______ of $A$ and $B$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:41

Problem 5

Fill in the blanks.
A real number is any number that can be expressed as a _______.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:08

Problem 6

Fill in the blanks.
A _______ is a letter that is used to represent a number.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:58

Problem 7

Fill in the blanks.
The smallest prime number is ________.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:05

Problem 8

Fill in the blanks.
All integers that are exactly divisible by 2 are called ______ integers.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:40

Problem 9

Fill in the blanks.
Natural numbers greater than I that are not prime are called ______ numbers.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:16

Problem 10

Fill in the blanks.
Fractions such as $\frac{2}{3}, \frac{8}{2},$ and $-\frac{7}{9}$ are called ______ numbers.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:04

Problem 11

Fill in the blanks.
Irrational numbers are ______ that don't terminate and don't repeat.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:08

Problem 12

Fill in the blanks.
The symbol ______ is read as "is less than or equal to."

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:23

Problem 13

Fill in the blanks.
On a number line, the ______ numbers are to the left of $0 .$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:05

Problem 14

Fill in the blanks.
The only integer that is neither positive nor negative is ______.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:10

Problem 15

Fill in the blanks.
The Associative Property of Addition states that (x+y)+z= ______.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:08

Problem 16

Fill in the blanks.
The Commutative Property of Multiplication states that $x y=$ ______.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:51

Problem 17

Fill in the blanks.
Use the Distributive Property to complete the statement: $5(m+2)=$ ______.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:21

Problem 18

Fill in the blanks.
The statement $(m+n) p=p(m+n)$ illustrates the ______ Property of ______.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:45

Problem 19

Fill in the blanks.
The graph of an ______ is a portion of a number line.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:08

Problem 20

Fill in the blanks.
The graph of an open interval has ______ endpoints.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:55

Problem 21

Fill in the blanks.
The graph of a closed interval has ______ endpoints.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:13

Problem 22

Fill in the blanks.
The graph of a ______ interval has one endpoint.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:03

Problem 23

Fill in the blanks.
Except for $0,$ the absolute value of every number is ______.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:08

Problem 24

Fill in the blanks.
The ______ between two distinct points on a number line is always positive.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:14

Problem 25

Let
$\mathbf{N}=$ the set of natural mumbers
$\mathbf{W}=$ the set of whole numbers
$\boldsymbol{Z}=$ the set of integers $\mathbf{Q}=$ the set of rational mumbers
$\mathbf{R}=$ the set of real mumbers
Determine whether each statement is true or false. Read the symbol $\subset$ as "is a subset of."

$\mathrm{N} \subset \mathrm{W}$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:07

Problem 26

Let
$\mathbf{N}=$ the set of natural mumbers
$\mathbf{W}=$ the set of whole numbers
$\boldsymbol{Z}=$ the set of integers $\mathbf{Q}=$ the set of rational mumbers
$\mathbf{R}=$ the set of real mumbers
Determine whether each statement is true or false. Read the symbol $\subset$ as "is a subset of."

$Q \subset R$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:13

Problem 27

Let
$\mathbf{N}=$ the set of natural mumbers
$\mathbf{W}=$ the set of whole numbers
$\boldsymbol{Z}=$ the set of integers $\mathbf{Q}=$ the set of rational mumbers
$\mathbf{R}=$ the set of real mumbers
Determine whether each statement is true or false. Read the symbol $\subset$ as "is a subset of."

$\mathrm{Q} \subset \mathrm{N}$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:14

Problem 28

Let
$\mathbf{N}=$ the set of natural mumbers
$\mathbf{W}=$ the set of whole numbers
$\boldsymbol{Z}=$ the set of integers $\mathbf{Q}=$ the set of rational mumbers
$\mathbf{R}=$ the set of real mumbers
Determine whether each statement is true or false. Read the symbol $\subset$ as "is a subset of."

$\mathbf{Z} \subset \mathbf{Q}$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:06

Problem 29

Let
$\mathbf{N}=$ the set of natural mumbers
$\mathbf{W}=$ the set of whole numbers
$\boldsymbol{Z}=$ the set of integers $\mathbf{Q}=$ the set of rational mumbers
$\mathbf{R}=$ the set of real mumbers
Determine whether each statement is true or false. Read the symbol $\subset$ as "is a subset of."

$\mathrm{W} \subset \mathrm{Z}$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:13

Problem 30

Let
$\mathbf{N}=$ the set of natural mumbers
$\mathbf{W}=$ the set of whole numbers
$\boldsymbol{Z}=$ the set of integers $\mathbf{Q}=$ the set of rational mumbers
$\mathbf{R}=$ the set of real mumbers
Determine whether each statement is true or false. Read the symbol $\subset$ as "is a subset of."

$\mathbf{R} \subset \mathbf{Z}$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:57

Problem 31

Let $A=\{\mathbf{a}, \mathbf{b}, \mathbf{c}, \mathbf{d}, \mathbf{e}\}, B=(\mathbf{d}, \mathbf{e}, \mathbf{f}, \mathbf{g}\},$ and $C=\{\mathbf{a}, \mathbf{c}, \mathbf{e}, \mathbf{f}\} .$ Find each set.
$A \cup B$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:16

Problem 32

Let $A=\{\mathbf{a}, \mathbf{b}, \mathbf{c}, \mathbf{d}, \mathbf{e}\}, B=(\mathbf{d}, \mathbf{e}, \mathbf{f}, \mathbf{g}\},$ and $C=\{\mathbf{a}, \mathbf{c}, \mathbf{e}, \mathbf{f}\} .$ Find each set.
$A \cap B$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:01

Problem 33

Let $A=\{\mathbf{a}, \mathbf{b}, \mathbf{c}, \mathbf{d}, \mathbf{e}\}, B=(\mathbf{d}, \mathbf{e}, \mathbf{f}, \mathbf{g}\},$ and $C=\{\mathbf{a}, \mathbf{c}, \mathbf{e}, \mathbf{f}\} .$ Find each set.
$A \cap C$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:46

Problem 34

Let $A=\{\mathbf{a}, \mathbf{b}, \mathbf{c}, \mathbf{d}, \mathbf{e}\}, B=(\mathbf{d}, \mathbf{e}, \mathbf{f}, \mathbf{g}\},$ and $C=\{\mathbf{a}, \mathbf{c}, \mathbf{e}, \mathbf{f}\} .$ Find each set.
$B \cup C$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:52

Problem 35

Determine whether the decimal form of each fraction terminates or repeats.
$$\frac{9}{16}$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:12

Problem 36

Determine whether the decimal form of each fraction terminates or repeats.
$$\frac{3}{8}$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:53

Problem 37

Determine whether the decimal form of each fraction terminates or repeats.
$$\frac{3}{11}$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:11

Problem 38

Determine whether the decimal form of each fraction terminates or repeats.
$$\frac{5}{12}$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:25

Problem 39

Consider the following set: $\left\{-5,-4,-\frac{2}{3}, 0,1, \sqrt{2}, 2,2.75,6,7\right\}$
Which numbers are natural numbers?

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:23

Problem 40

Consider the following set: $\left\{-5,-4,-\frac{2}{3}, 0,1, \sqrt{2}, 2,2.75,6,7\right\}$
Which numbers are whole numbers?

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:02

Problem 41

Consider the following set: $\left\{-5,-4,-\frac{2}{3}, 0,1, \sqrt{2}, 2,2.75,6,7\right\}$
Which numbers are integers?

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:13

Problem 42

Consider the following set: $\left\{-5,-4,-\frac{2}{3}, 0,1, \sqrt{2}, 2,2.75,6,7\right\}$
Which numbers are rational numbers?

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:51

Problem 43

Consider the following set: $\left\{-5,-4,-\frac{2}{3}, 0,1, \sqrt{2}, 2,2.75,6,7\right\}$
Which numbers are irrational numbers?

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:31

Problem 44

Consider the following set: $\left\{-5,-4,-\frac{2}{3}, 0,1, \sqrt{2}, 2,2.75,6,7\right\}$
Which numbers are prime numbers?

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:10

Problem 45

Consider the following set: $\left\{-5,-4,-\frac{2}{3}, 0,1, \sqrt{2}, 2,2.75,6,7\right\}$
Which numbers are composite numbers?

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:23

Problem 46

Consider the following set: $\left\{-5,-4,-\frac{2}{3}, 0,1, \sqrt{2}, 2,2.75,6,7\right\}$
Which numbers are even integers?

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:45

Problem 47

Consider the following set: $\left\{-5,-4,-\frac{2}{3}, 0,1, \sqrt{2}, 2,2.75,6,7\right\}$
Which numbers are odd integers?

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:11

Problem 48

Consider the following set: $\left\{-5,-4,-\frac{2}{3}, 0,1, \sqrt{2}, 2,2.75,6,7\right\}$
Which numbers are negative numbers?

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:53

Problem 49

Graph each subset of the real numbers on a number line.
The natural numbers between 1 and 5

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:26

Problem 50

Graph each subset of the real numbers on a number line.
The composite numbers less than 10

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:22

Problem 51

Graph each subset of the real numbers on a number line.
The prime numbers between 10 and 20

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:13

Problem 52

Graph each subset of the real numbers on a number line.
The integers from $-2$ to 4

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:57

Problem 53

Graph each subset of the real numbers on a number line.
The integers between $-5$ and 0

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:23

Problem 54

Graph each subset of the real numbers on a number line.
The even integers between $-9$ and $-1$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:04

Problem 55

Graph each subset of the real numbers on a number line.
The odd integers between $-6$ and 4

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:18

Problem 56

Graph each subset of the real numbers on a number line.
$$-0.7,1.75, \text { and } 3 \frac{7}{8}$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:59

Problem 57

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$x>2$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:22

Problem 58

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$x<4$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:56

Problem 59

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$0<x<5$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:09

Problem 60

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$-2<x<3$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:48

Problem 61

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$x>-4$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:14

Problem 62

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$x<3$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:04

Problem 63

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$-2 \leq x<2$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:13

Problem 64

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$-4<x \leq 1$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:45

Problem 65

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$x \leq 5$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:22

Problem 66

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$x \geq-1$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:58

Problem 67

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$-5<x \leq 0$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:50

Problem 68

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$-3 \leq x<4$$

Heather Zimmers
Heather Zimmers
Numerade Educator
00:44

Problem 69

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$-2 \leq x \leq 3$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:23

Problem 70

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$-4 \leq x \leq 4$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:36

Problem 71

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$6 \geq x \geq 2$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:39

Problem 72

Write each inequality in interval notation and graph the interval.
$$3 \geq x \geqq-2$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:44

Problem 73

Write each pair of inequalities as the intersection of two intervals and graph the result.
$$x>-5 \text { and } x<4$$

Breanna Ollech
Breanna Ollech
Numerade Educator
00:44

Problem 74

Write each pair of inequalities as the intersection of two intervals and graph the result.
$$x \geq-3 \text { and } x<6$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:16

Problem 75

Write each pair of inequalities as the intersection of two intervals and graph the result.
$$x \geq-8 \text { and } x \leq-3$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:35

Problem 76

Write each pair of inequalities as the intersection of two intervals and graph the result.
$$x>1 \text { and } x \leq 7$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:03

Problem 77

Write each inequality as the union of two intervals and graph the result.
$$x<-2 \text { or } x>2$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:38

Problem 78

Write each inequality as the union of two intervals and graph the result.
$$x \leq-5 \text { or } x>0$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:05

Problem 79

Write each inequality as the union of two intervals and graph the result.
$$x \leq-1 \text { or } x \geq 3$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:33

Problem 80

Write each inequality as the union of two intervals and graph the result.
$$x<-3 \text { or } x \geq 2$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:26

Problem 81

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$|13|$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:16

Problem 82

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$|-17|$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:24

Problem 83

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$|0|$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:19

Problem 84

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$-|63|$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:51

Problem 85

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$-|-8|$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:14

Problem 86

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$|-25|$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:49

Problem 87

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$-|32|$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:14

Problem 88

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$-|-6|$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:17

Problem 89

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$|\pi-5|$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:26

Problem 90

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$|8-\pi|$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:31

Problem 91

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$\pi-\pi$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:23

Problem 92

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$|2 \pi|$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:33

Problem 93

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$x+1 | \text { and } x \geq 2$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:33

Problem 94

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$|x+1| \text { and } x \leq-2$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:22

Problem 95

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$|x-4| \text { and } x<0$$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:27

Problem 96

Write each expression without using absolute value symbols.
$$|x-7| \text { and } x>10$$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:56

Problem 97

Find the distance between each pair of points on the number line.
3 and 8

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:24

Problem 98

Find the distance between each pair of points on the number line.
-5 and 12

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:12

Problem 99

Find the distance between each pair of points on the number line.
$-8$ and $-3$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:22

Problem 100

Find the distance between each pair of points on the number line.
6 and $-20$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:33

Problem 101

What subset of the real numbers would you use to describe the populations of several cities?

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:23

Problem 102

What subset of the real numbers would you use to describe the subdivisions of an inch on a ruler?

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:05

Problem 103

What subset of the real numbers would you use to report temperatures in several cities?

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:54

Problem 104

What subset of the real numbers would you use to describe the financial condition of a business?

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
00:47

Problem 105

Explain why $-x$ could be positive.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:36

Problem 106

Explain why every integer is a rational number.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:55

Problem 107

Is the statement $|a b|=|a| \cdot|b|$ always true? Explain.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
01:19

Problem 108

Is the statement $\left|\frac{a}{b}\right|=\frac{|a|}{|b|}(b \neq 0)$ always true? Explain.

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
02:25

Problem 109

Is the statement $|a+b|=|a|+|b|$ always true? Explain.

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
02:18

Problem 110

Under what conditions will the statement given in Exercise 109 be true?

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator
01:48

Problem 111

Explain why it is incorrect to write $a<b>c$ if $a<b$ and $b>c$

Margaret Farmer
Margaret Farmer
Numerade Educator
00:46

Problem 112

Explain why $|b-a|=|a-b|$

Matt Gibson
Matt Gibson
Numerade Educator