Biology

Eric P. Widmaier; Linda E. Graham; Robert J. Brooker

Chapter 23

An Introduction to Evolution - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

A change in one or more characteristics of a population that is heritable and occurs from one generation to the next is called
a. natural selection.
b. sexual selection.
c. population genetics.
d. evolution.
e. inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

Lamarck's vision of evolution differed from Darwin's in that Lamarck believed
a. living things evolve in an upward direction.
b. behavioral changes modify heritable traits.
c. genetic differences among individuals in the population allow for evolution.
d. a and b only.
e. none of the above.

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Which of the following scientists influenced Darwin's views on the nature of population growth?
a. Cuvier
b. Malthus
c. Lyell
d. Hutton
e. Wallace

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

An evolutionary change in which a population of organisms changes its characteristics over many generations in ways that make it better suited to its environment is
a. natural selection.
b. an adaptation.
c. an acquired characteristic.
d. evolution.
e. both a and c.

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

Vestigial structures are anatomical structures
a. that have more than one function.
b. that were functional in an ancestor but no longer have a useful function.
c. that look similar in different species but have different functions.
d. that have the same function in different species but have very different appearances.
e. of the body wall.

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

Which of the following is an example of a developmental homology seen in human embryonic development and other vertebrate species that are not mammals?
a. gill ridges
b. umbilical cord
c. tail
d. both a and c
e. all of the above

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

Two or more homologous genes found within a particular species are called
a. homozygous.
b. orthologs.
c. paralogs.
d. alleles.
e. duplicates.

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

As described in Chapter 4 (look back at Table 4.1), actin is a protein that is a component of the cytoskeleton found in eukaryotic cells. If you compared the sequence of an actin gene in bald eagles with that in other species, which of the following species would you expect to have an actin gene sequence most similar to the eagle's?
a. human
b. sea bass
c. baker's yeast
d. sparrow
e. salamander

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

Horizontal gene transfer
a. is a process in which an organism incorporates genetic material from another organism without being the offspring of that organism.
b. can involve the exchange of genetic material among individuals of the same species.
c. can involve the exchange of genetic material among individuals of different species.
d. can be all of the above.
e. can be a and b only.

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

Genetic variation can occur as a result of
a. random mutations in genes.
b. changes in chromosome structure and number.
c. gene duplication.
d. horizontal gene transfer.
e. all of the above.

Christina Sorrentino

Christina Sorrentino

Numerade Educator