Objective Biology for NEET

Rajiv Vijay

Chapter 15

Biodiversity and Conservation - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

\begin{tabular}{ll}
Match Column-I (organism) with Column-II. \\
\hline Column-I & Column-II (number of species) \\
\hline 1. Ants & A. 20,000 \\
2. Orchids & B. 25,000 \\
3. Fishes & C. 28,000 \\
4. Beetles & D. $3,00,000$ \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
(a) $1: \mathrm{D}, 2: \mathrm{C}, 3: \mathrm{B}, 4: \mathrm{A}$
(b) 1:B. 2:A, 3:C, 4:D
(c) $1: \mathrm{A}, 2: \mathrm{B}, 3: \mathrm{C}, 4: \mathrm{D}$
(d) $1: \mathrm{A}, 2: \mathrm{A}, 3: \mathrm{C}, 4: \mathrm{D}$

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Problem 2

The term 'Biodiversity' was popularized by
(a) Robert May
(b) A. Von Humboldt
(c) Edward Wilson
(d) Paul Ehrlich

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Problem 3

Identify the type/level of biodiversity from the following
(a) Genetic
(b) Species
(c) Ecological
(d) All of these

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Problem 4

Which of the following shows maximum genetic diversity?
(a) Rice
(b) Mango
(c) Rauwolfia vomitoria
(d) Wheat

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Problem 5

How many different varieties of mango are found in India?
(a) 50,000
(b) 5000
(c) 2000
(d) 1000

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Problem 6

How many genetically different strains of rice are found in India?
(a) 50,000
(b) 5000
(c) 2000
(d) 1000

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Problem 7

Choose the correct statement from the following.
(A) Western Ghats have a greater amphibian species diversity than the Eastern Ghats.
(B) Diversity exists at all levels of biological organization ranging from macromolecules within cells to biomes.
(C) Rauwolfia Vomitoria shows genetic variation in terms of potency and concentration of the reserpine produced.
(D) Norway has greater ecosystem diversity than India.
(a) $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{B}$ only
(b) B and D only
(c) A, B and C only
(d) D only

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Problem 8

If the present rate of species losses continues, we will lose our biological wealth in how much time?
(a) Less than one century
(b) Less than 2 centuries
(c) Less than 50 years
(d) Next 20 years

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Problem 9

Robert May places the global species diversity at about million.
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 6
(d) 7

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Problem 10

More than $\%$ of all species recorded are animals.
(a) 60
(b) 70
(c) 90
(d) 10

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Problem 11

Arrange the following in their decreasing order of species. Fishes, Birds, Reptiles, Amphibian
(a) Fishes $>$ Birds $>$ Reptiles $>$ Amphibian
(b) Fishes $>$ Reptiles $>$ Birds $>$ Amphibian
(c) Reptiles $>$ Fishes $>$ Birds $>$ Amphibian
(d) Amphibian $>$ Fishes $>$ Birds $>$ Reptiles

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Problem 12

Which of the following have more number of species?
(a) Fungi
(b) Mosses
(c) Angiosperm
(d) Lichens

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Problem 13

Which order is correct with respect to the number of species?
(a) Fungi $>$ Algae $>$ Lichens $>$ Angiosperm
(b) Angiosperm $>$ Fungi $>$ Algae $>$ Lichen
(c) Fungi $>$ Angiosperm $>$ Algae $>$ Lichen
(d) Mosses $>$ Ferns $>$ Algae $>$ Lichens

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Problem 14

What does $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}, \mathrm{D}, \mathrm{E}$ and $\mathrm{F}$ represent in this figure?$\pi$ -chart for number of species of major taxa of plants.
(a) A: Ferns and allies, B: Mosses, C: Algae, D: Fungi, E: Lichens, F: Angiosperms
(b) A: Fungi, B: Mosses, C: Lichens, D: Ferns and allies, E: Angiosperms, F: Algae
(c) A: Angiosperms, B: Ferns and allies, C: Fungi, D: Lichens, E: Algae, F: Mosses
(d) A: Mosses, B: Ferns and allies, C: Angiosperms, D: Lichens, E: Algae, F: Fungi

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Problem 15

Find the false statement.
(a) The number of fungi species is more than the combined total of the species of fishes, amphibians, reptiles and mammals.
(b) Conventional taxonomic methods are not suitable for identifying microbial species.
(c) For many taxonomic groups, species inventories are more complete in temperate than in tropical countries.
(d) Insects forms 70 per cent part of all the species recorded.

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Problem 16

Find the true statement.
A. If we consider biochemical or molecular criteria for microorganisms, their diversity may run into millions.
B. There are 12 mega diversity countries in the world.
C. If we accept May's global estimates, only 32 per cent of the total species have been recorded so far.
D. Western Ghats have a greater amphibian species diversity than Eastern Ghats.
(a) A and B only
(b) D only
(c) A and D only
(d) $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{D}$ only

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Problem 17

India has only percent of the world's land area; its share of the global species diversity is an impressive percent.
(a) $4.2,1.8$
(b) $2.4,8.1$
(c) $2.4,13$
(d) $4.2,13$

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Problem 18

Match Column-I (Place) with Column-II (Number of bird species). \begin{tabular}{ll}
\hline Column-I & Column & -II \\
\hline 1. Colombia & A. 1200 \\
2. New York & B. 1300 \\
3. India & C. 1400 \\
4. Amazonian rain forest & D. 105 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
(a) $\mathrm{A}: 3, \mathrm{~B}: 4, \mathrm{C}: 2, \mathrm{D}: 1$
(c) $\mathrm{A}: 2, \mathrm{~B}: 4, \mathrm{C}: 3, \mathrm{D}: 1$
(b) $\mathrm{A}: 2, \mathrm{~B}: 1, \mathrm{C}: 4, \mathrm{D}: 3$
(d) $\mathrm{A}: 3, \mathrm{~B}: 4, \mathrm{C}: 1, \mathrm{D}: 2$

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Problem 19

Find the incorrect statement.
(a) India has nearly 45,000 species of plants and twice as many animals.
(b) A forest in a tropical region like equator has 10 times as many species of vascular plants as a forest of equal area in a temperate region like the mid west of the USA.
(c) Greenland $71^{\circ} \mathrm{N}$ has only 56 species of birds.
(d) The diversity of plant and animals is uniform throughout the world.

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Problem 20

The largely tropical Amazonian rain forest in South America has the greatest biodiversity on earth. It is the home for more than species of plants. of birds, of mammals, $\quad$ of amphibians, tiles and of more than invertebrates.
(a) $30,000,4000,1200,427,427,387,1,25,000$
(b) $40,000,3000,1200,427,427,387,1,25,000$
(c) $40,000,3000,1300,427,427,378,1,25,000$
(d) $40,000,3000,1200,427,427,378,1,25,000$

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Problem 21

What is the sum of the number of species of birds in New York $41^{\circ} \mathrm{N}$ and Greenland of $71^{\circ} \mathrm{N}$.
(a) 112
(b) 161
(c) 170
(d) 56

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Problem 22

Species richness of tropics is because of
(a) Tropics have more evolutionary time.
(b) Tropics have relatively constant environment.
(c) Tropics receive more solar energy.
(d) All the above

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Problem 23

Species-area relationship was provided by
(a) Alexander Van Humboldt
(b) Robert May
(c) Paul Ehrlich
(d) Edward Wilson

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Problem 24

The graph formed by plotting species richness against area for a wide variety of taxa (angiosperm plants, birds, bats, fresh water fishes, etc.) turns out to be a
(a) Parabola
(b) Straight line
(c) Rectangular hyperbola
(d) Any of the above

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Problem 25

$\log \mathrm{S}=\log \mathrm{C}+\mathrm{Z} \log \mathrm{A}$ (Logarithmic formula for species-area relationship). True about this formula
(a) $\mathrm{S}=$ Species richness $\mathrm{A}=$ Area
(b) $\mathrm{Z}=$ Regression coefficient
(c) $\mathrm{C}=\mathrm{Y}$ -intercept
(d) All of these

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Problem 26

If we analyze species-area relationship among very large area like entire continents, slope of line becomes
(a) Less steeper
(b) Vertical
(c) Much steeper
(d) Horizontal

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Problem 27

$Z$ -value in a much steeper slope ranges between
(a) $0.6$ to $1.2$
(b) $0.1$ to $1.2$
(c) $0.01$ to $0.02$
(d) $0.6$ to $0.12$

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Problem 28

For frugivorous (fruit-eating) birds and mammals in the tropical forests of different continents, the slope of species-area relationship is foud to be approximately
(a) $0.6$
(b) $1.3$
(c) $1.15$
(d) 1

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Problem 29

Which is the correct formula of the graph shown below? Given:
S-species richness A-Area C-Y-intercept Z-Slope of line (regression coefficient)
(a) $\mathrm{S}=\mathrm{CA}^{\mathrm{Z}}$
(b) $\mathrm{S}=\mathrm{CZ}^{\mathrm{A}}$
(c) $\mathrm{S}=\mathrm{ZC}^{\mathrm{A}}$
(d) $Z=\mathrm{SC}^{\mathrm{A}}$

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Problem 30

${ }^{\prime} \mathrm{Z}$ ' value in species-area relationship lies in the rage of $0.1$ to $0.2$ for
(a) Plants in Britain
(b) Birds in California
(c) Molluscs in New York State
(d) All of these

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Problem 31

Which of the followings are the features of a stable community?
(a) Resistant or resilient to occasional disturbances (Natural or Anthropogenic).
(b) Does not show much variation in productivity.
(c) Resistant to invasion by alien species.
(d) All the above

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Problem 32

There are two plots Plot ' 1 ' has less species and Plot ' 2 ' has more species. Which statement is true regarding the two plots?
(a) Plot '1'shows less year to year variation in total biomass.
(b) Plot ' 2 ' is less resistant to natural disturbance.
(c) Plot ' 1 ' has more productivity than plot ' 2 '.
(d) Plot ' 2 ' has more productivity than plot ' 1 '.

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Problem 33

Rivet popper hypothesis was proposed by
(a) Robert May
(b) A. Von Humboldt
(c) Paul Ehrlich
(d) Edward Wilson

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Problem 34

Tropical environments, unlike temperate ones, are
(a) Less seasonal
(b) Relatively more constant
(c) More predictable
(d) All of these

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Problem 35

Find the incorrect statement.
(a) Constant environment promote niche specialization.
(b) Key species are those which derive major ecosystem functions.
(c) Increase in diversity generally increases productivity.
(d) Increased steepness in species-area relationship curve decreases species richness in a given area.

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Problem 36

The colonization of tropical Pacific Islands by humans led to the extinction of more than, species of native birds
(a) 2000
(b) 50
(c) 4000
(d) 3000

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Problem 37

IUCN Red list (2004) documents the extinction of how many species in last 500 years?
(a) 784
(b) 874
(c) 478
(d) 487

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Problem 38

Match the Column- I (Recently extinct animals) with Column-II (Places from where they are extinct).$$
\begin{array}{ll}
\hline \text { Column-I } & \text { Column-II } \\
\hline \text { A. Dodo } & \text { 1. Russia } \\
\text { B. Quagga } & \text { 2. Australia } \\
\text { C. Thylacine } & \text { 3. Africa } \\
\text { D. Steller's sea cow } & \text { 4. Mauritius } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$$(a) $\mathrm{A}: 1, \mathrm{~B}: 2, \mathrm{C}: 3, \mathrm{D}: 4$
(b) $\mathrm{A}: 4, \mathrm{~B}: 3, \mathrm{C}: 2, \mathrm{D}: 1$
(c) $\mathrm{A}: 4, \mathrm{~B}: 2, \mathrm{C}: 3, \mathrm{D}: 1$
(d) $\mathrm{A}: 4, \mathrm{~B}: 1, \mathrm{C}: 2, \mathrm{D}: 3$

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Problem 39

Find the false statement.
(A) In the last 20 years alone there is a disappearance of 27 species.
(B) Three species (Bali, Javan and Caspian) of tiger are included in recently extinct animals.
(C) If we apply May's estimate then there are probably more than $1,00,000$ plant species in India that are yet to be discovered and described.
(D) There is more solar energy available in tropics, which contribute to higher productivity; this in turn contributes directly to greater diversity.
(a) A only
(b) C, D only
(c) B, D only
(d) A and C only

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Problem 40

According to the IUCN Red list (2004) how many vertebrates became extinct in the last 550 years?
(a) 359
(b) 338
(c) 487
(d) 87

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Problem 41

According to IUCN Red list (2004) how many invertebrates became extinct in the last 500 years?
(a) 359
(b) 338
(c) 784
(d) 87

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Problem 42

Which group is most vulnerable to extinction?
(a) Fishes
(b) Amphibians
(c) Reptiles
(d) Birds

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Problem 43

Approximately how many species face the threat of extinction?
(a) 3000
(b) 1500
(c) 15,500
(d) 70,000

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Problem 44

Presently $\%$ of all bird species, $\%$ of all mammals species, $\%$
of all amphibian species and $\%$ of all gymnosperm species in the world face the threat of extinction.
(a) $23,32,12,31$
(b) $12,23,32,31$
(c) $12,23,31,32$
(d) $23,12,32,81$

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Problem 45

Since the origin and diversification of life on earth how many episodes of mass extinction of species have occurred till date?
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5

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Problem 46

What is $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}$ and $\mathrm{D}$ in this figure?$\pi$ -chart for number of species of major taxa of vertebrates
(a) A: Mammals, B: Birds, C: Reptiles, D: Amphibians
(b) A: Amphibians, B: Birds, C: Mammals, D: Reptiles
(c) A: Reptiles, B: Amphibians, C: Birds, D: mammals
(d) A: Mammals, B: Reptiles, C: Birds, D: Amphibians

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Problem 47

The current rate of species extinction is how many times faster than the pre-human time?
(a) 10 to 50 times
(b) 100 to 1000 times
(c) 1000 to 10,000 times
(d) 10,000 to $1,00,000$ times

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Problem 48

Find the incorrect statement.
(a) 'Sixth extinction' is different from previous extinction in terms of rate of extinction.
(b) Ecologist warn that if the present trend of extinction continues, nearly 50 per cent all species on earth might be wiped out within the next 100 years.
(c) Amphibians appear to be vulnerable to extinction.
(d) Recent extinction is completely natural.

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Problem 49

Loss of biodiversity in a region may lead to
(a) Decline in plants production.
(b) Lowered resistance to environmental perturbations such as draught.
(c) Increased variability in certain ecosystem processes such as plant productivity, water use, and pest and disease cycle.
(d) All the above

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Problem 50

Which of the following is a major cause of loss of biodiversity?
(a) Habitat loss and fragmentation
(b) Over-exploitation
(c) Alien species invasion
(d) Co-extinction

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Problem 51

The most dramatic examples of habitat loss comes from the
(a) Tropical rain forests
(b) Temperate forests
(c) Grasslands
(d) Deserts

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Problem 52

Find the incorrect statement from the following.
(A) Tropic rain forests cover around 6 per cent of earth's land surface.
(B) Amazonian rain forest is being cut and cleared for soya bean cultivation or forsion to grasslands for raising beef cattle.
(C) Animals with migratory habits are badly affected by habitat loss and fragmentation.
(D) Mammals and birds require small territories.
(a) $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{B}$ only
(b) A and D only
(c) D only
(d) $\mathrm{B}$ and $\mathrm{C}$ only

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Problem 53

Steller's sea cow and Passenger pigeon became extinct due to
(a) Alien species invasion
(b) Co-extinction
(c) Habitat loss and fragmentation
(d) Over exploitation

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Problem 54

Which of these are examples of alien species invasion?
(a) Nile perch was introduced in Lake Victoria in east Africa
(b) African catfish in Indian River
(c) Water hyacinth in India
(d) All the above

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Problem 55

Which of these are invasive weeds?
(a) Carrot grass (Parthenium)
(b) Gandhari (lantana)
(c) Water hyacinth (Eicchornia)
(d) All of these

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Problem 56

Co-extinction means
(a) Introduction of alien species leading to decline or extinction of indigenous species.
(b) Extinction due to over exploitation.
(c) Extinction due to Habitat loss.
(d) Extinction due to obligatory association of plant or animal.

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Problem 57

Which of these is not a narrowly utilitarian argument for conserving biodiversity?
(a) Food
(b) Medicine
(c) Construction material
(d) Pollination

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Problem 58

All are examples of broadly utilitarian except
(a) Pollination
(b) Oxygen
(c) Aesthetic pleasure of walking through thick woods
(d) Firewood

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Problem 59

Find the incorrect statement from the following.
(a) Introduction of Nile perch in Lake Victoria in east Africa lead to the extinction of more than 200 species of cichlid fish in the lake.
(b) Fast dwindling Amazon forest is estimated to produce, through photosynthesis, 20 per cent of the total oxygen in the earth's atmosphere.
(c) More than 25 per cent of drugs currently sold worldwide are derived from plants.
(d) Illegal introduction of American catfish Clarias gariepinus for aquaculture purpose is posing threat to indigenous cat fishes in our rivers.

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Problem 60

'We save the entire forest to save the tiger'. This approach of conservation is
(a) In situ
(b) Ex situ
(c) In vitro
(d) In vivo

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Problem 61

What percentage of the earth's land area is covered by all biodiversity hotspots put together?
(a) $6 \%$
(b) $10 \%$
(c) $2 \%$
(d) $15 \%$

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Problem 62

The following are examples of ex situ conservation except
(a) Zoological parks
(b) Botanical garden
(c) Wildlife safari parks
(d) Biosphere reserve

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Problem 63

The following are examples of In situ conservation except?
(a) Biosphere reverse
(b) National park
(c) Sacred groves
(d) Gene-bank

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Problem 64

Hotspots are characterized by
(a) Very high species richness
(b) High degree of endemism
(c) Region of accelerated habitat loss
(d) All of these

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Problem 65

In India, ecologically unique and biodiversity rich regions are legally protected as
(a) Biosphere reserve
(b) National park
(c) Sanctuaries
(d) All of these

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Problem 66

The Earth Summit (Historic Convention on Biological Diversity) was held in
(a) Johannesburg, South Africa, 2002
(b) Rio De Janeiro, 1992
(c) Kyoto, Japan
(d) Montreal, Canada

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Problem 67

World Summit on sustainable development was held in
(a) Johannesburg, South Africa, 2002
(b) Rio De Janeiro, 1992
(c) Kyoto, Japan
(d) Montreal, Canada

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Problem 68

Which of these are hotspots of India?
(a) Western Ghats
(b) Himalaya
(c) Indo-Burma
(d) All of these

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Problem 69

Ex situ conservation includes
(a) Cryopreservation of gametes
(b) In vitro fertilization
(c) Tissue culture
(d) All of these

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Problem 70

The reasons for biodiversity conservation are
(a) Broad utilization
(b) Narrow utilization
(c) Ethical
(d) All of these

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Problem 71

The following are broadly utilitarian except
(a) Pest control
(b) Flood control
(c) Climate moderation
(d) Pharmaceuticals

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Problem 72

In the World Summit on sustainable development held in 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa, how many countries pledged their commitment to achieve a significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss at global, regions and local levels, by 2010 ?
(a) 100
(b) 180
(c) 190
(d) 200

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Problem 73

In the World Summit on sustainable development held in 2002 in Johannesburg, South Africa, how many countries pledged their commitment to achieve a significant reduction in the current rate of biodiversity loss at global, regions and local levels, by 2010 ?
(a) 100
(b) 180
(c) 190
(d) 200

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Problem 74

How do ecologists estimate the total number of species present in the world?
(a) By counting them all.
(b) By counting the number of any one species and applying this to various genus.
(c) By making statistical comparison of the temperate-tropical species richness of an exhaustively studied group of insects and extrapolating this ratio to other group of animals and plants.
(d) By calculating biomass of all the species.

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Problem 75

The species diversity of plants $(22 \%)$ is much less than that of animals $(72 \%)$, what could be the explanation to how animals achieved greater diversification?
(a) Animal are non-motile.
(b) Their movement to diverse habitats resulted in more evolutionary changes occurring in animals.
(c) Animals use carbohydrate and lipid as a source of energy.
(d) Animal DNA is different from plant DNA in terms of type of nitrogen bases.

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Problem 75

The species diversity of plants $(22 \%)$ is much less than that of animals $(72 \%)$, what could be the explanation to how animals achieved greater diversification?
(a) Animal are non-motile.
(b) Their movement to diverse habitats resulted in more evolutionary changes occurring in animals.
(c) Animals use carbohydrate and lipid as a source of energy.
(d) Animal DNA is different from plant DNA in terms of type of nitrogen bases.

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Problem 76

Which extinction is presently in progress?
(a) Fifth
(b) Sixth
(c) Forth
(d) Third

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Problem 77

Identify $\mathrm{A}, \mathrm{B}, \mathrm{C}$ and $\mathrm{D}$ in this figure.

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Problem 78

Which of the following require large territories?
(a) Birds
(b) Amphibians
(b) Mammals
(d) Both (a) and (c)

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Problem 79

Presently which of the following face maximum threat of extinction?
(a) Birds
(b) Amphibians
(c) Mammals
(d) Gymnosperm

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Problem 80

Loss of biodiversity in a region leads to increase in variability in certain ecosystem processes like
(a) Plant productivity
(b) Water use
(c) Pest and disease cycle
(d) All of these

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Problem 81

Gametes of threatened species can be preserved in viable and fertile condition for long periods using
(a) PCR technique
(b) CTAB
(c) Cryopreservation technique
(d) In situ conservation

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Problem 82

At present, how many biosphere reserves does India have?
(a) 11
(b) 14
(c) 17
(d) 20

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Problem 83

How many biodiversity hotspots are found in the world?
(a) 25
(b) 34
(c) 9
(d) 20

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Problem 84

Hotspot is a region of
(a) Endemism
(b) Accelerated habitat loss
(c) Low level of species richness
(d) Both (a) and (b)

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Problem 85

The following are direct benefits from biodiversity except
(a) Firewood
(b) Fibre
(c) Food
(d) Pollination

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Problem 86

The following are indirect benefits from biodiversity except
(a) Pest control
(b) Climate moderation
(c) Flood control
(d) Dyes, resins and perfumes

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Problem 87

Which area of M.P. (Madhya Pradesh) contain sacred groves?
(a) Sarguja
(b) Chanda
(c) Bastar
(d) All of these

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Problem 88

Find the incorrect match.
(a) Pollinator
- Bees, Bumblebees, Bats and Birds
(b) Legally protected biodiversity - Biosphere reserve, National park, wildlife rich region sanctuaries, sacred groves
(c) Lung of planet
- Amazonian rain forest
(d) Rivet popper hypothesis
- Harvard ecologist Paul Ehrlich

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Problem 89

Stellar's Sea cow became extinct from
(a) Mauritius
(b) Africa
(c) Russia
(d) Australia

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 90

Strict protection of hotspots can reduce ongoing mass extinction by
(a) $20 \%$
(b) $30 \%$
(c) $40 \%$
(d) $50 \%$

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 91

Assertion: Current estimates do not give any figure for prokaryotes taxonomic. Reason: Conventional taxonomic methods are not suitable for identifying microbial species.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 92

Assertion: Tropics have greater biological diversity. Reason: Tropics have long evolutionary time for species diversification is one of the reasons.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 93

Assertion: Stable community must be either resistant or resilient to occasional disturbances. Reason: Stable community not shows too much variation in productivity from year to year.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 94

Assertion: Sixth extinction presently in progress different from the previous episode. Reason: Difference is in the rate; current species extinction rates are estimated to be 100 to 1000 times faster than in the pre-human times.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 95

Assertion: Bioremediation is the use of living organisms, usually prokaryotes, fungi plants, to detoxify polluted ecosystems. Reason: Biological augmentation uses organisms to add essential materials to a degraded ecosystem.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 96

Assertion: Steller's sea cow becomes extinct. Reason: It is due to over exploitation by humans.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 97

Assertion: Biodiversity hotspots are example of in situ conservation. Reason: It is a conservation of biological wealth on site.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 98

Assertion: Ex situ conservation is carried out in biosphere reserves, national parks and sanctuaries. Reason: NGOs are involved in the maintenance of these protected areas.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 99

Assertion: Insects are enormously diversified. Reason: It is because of the presence of exoskeleton made up of chitin.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 100

Assertion: Habitat loss and fragmentaion is the most important cause driving animals and plants to extinction. Reason: Habitat loss and fragmentaion causes alien species invasion.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 101

Assertion: India has more than 50000 genetically different strains of rice. Reason: India has approximately 1000 varieties of mango

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 102

Assertion: According to the IUCN (2004), the total number of plant and animal species described so far is lightly more than $1.5$ million. Reason: For many taxonomic groups, species inventories are more complete in temperate than in tropical areas.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 103

Assertion: Most diversified organism on earth is insects. Reason: insects possess chitinous exoskeleton

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 104

Assertion: The diversity of microbes may run into millions. Reason: If we use biochemical or molecular criteria to estimate microbial species.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 105

Assertion: India is one of the 12 mega biodiversity economies of the world. Reason: India has only $2.4 \%$ of the world's land area. It shares $8.1 \%$ if the global species diversity.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 106

Assertion: Colombia located near the equator has nearly 1400 species of birds which New York $41^{\circ} \mathrm{N}$ has 105 species and green land at $71^{\circ} \mathrm{N}$ only 56 species. Reason: Generally tropics harbour more species than temperate or polar region.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 107

Assertion: Tropics have greater biological diversity. Reason: More solar energy in tropics, contributes to lighter productivity, which in turn may contribute directly to greater biodiversity.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 108

Assertion: Removal of key stone from an ecosystem leads to destruction of ecosystem. Reason: Keystone species drive major ecosystem functions.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 109

Assertion: Amazon rain forest is called lung of planet. Reason: Amazon rain forest produces $80 \%$ of total oxygen in Earth's atmosphere through process of photosynthesis.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 110

Assertion: There are 34 biodiversity hotspots in the world Reason: High level of species richness is a criterion for selection of a biodiversity hotspot.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

Problem 111

Assertion: Species richness is also function of the area of a region. Reason: The species area relationship is generally a rectangle hyperbolic function.

Hast Aggarwal

Numerade Educator