Biology 2015

Restriction enzymes in bacterial cells are ordinarily used
a. during DNA replication.
b. to degrade the bacterial cell’s DNA.
c. to degrade viral DNA that enters the cell.
d. to attach pieces of DNA together.

Using the key, put the phrases in the correct order to form a plasmid-carrying recombinant DNA.

Key:
1. use restriction enzymes
2. use DNA ligase
3. remove plasmid from parent bacterium
4. introduce plasmid into new host bacterium

$\begin{array}{ll}{\text { a. } 1,2,3,4} & {\text { c. } 3,1,2,4} \\ {\text { b. } 4,3,2,1} & {\text { d. } 2,3,1,4}\end{array}$

The polymerase chain reaction
a. uses RNA polymerase.
b. takes place in huge bioreactors.
c. uses a temperature-insensitive enzyme.
d. makes lots of nonidentical copies of DNA.
e. All of these are correct.

Bacteria are able to successfully transcribe and translate human genes because
a. both bacteria and humans contain plasmid vectors.
b. bacteria can replicate their DNA, but humans cannot.
c. human and bacterial ribosomes are vastly different.
d. the genetic code is nearly universal

Which of these is an incorrect statement?
a. Bacteria usually secrete the biotechnology product into the medium.
b. Plants are being engineered to have human proteins in their seeds.
c. Animals are engineered to have a human protein in their milk.
d. Animals can be cloned, but plants and bacteria cannot.

Which is not a correct association with regard to bioengineering?
a. plasmid as a vector—bacteria
b. protoplast as a vector—plants
c. RNA virus as a vector—human stem cells
d. All of these are correct.

When a cloned gene is used to modify a human disease, the process is called
a. bio remediation.
b. gene therapy.
c. genetic profiling.
d. gene pharming.
e. DNA fingerprinting.

Which of the following delivery methods is not used in gene therapy?
a. virus
b. nasal sprays
c. liposomes
d. electric currents

A genetic profile can
a. assist an individual in maintaining good health.
b. be accomplished utilizing bioinformatics.
c. show how many genes are normal.
d. be accomplished utilizing a microarray.
e. Both a and d are correct.

Which is a true statement?
a. Genomics would be slow going without bioinformatics.
b. Genomics is related to the field of proteomics.
c. Genomics has now moved on to functional and comparative genomics.
d. Genomics shows that we are related to all other organisms tested so far.
e. All of these are correct

Which of the following was used to find the function of the cystic fibrosis gene?
a. microarray
b. proteomics
c. comparative genomics and bioinformatics
d. sequencing of the gene

Repetitive DNA elements
a. may be tandem or spread across several chromosomes.
b. are found in centromeres and telomeres.
c. make up nearly half of human chromosomes.
d. may be present as just a few or many thousands of copies.
e. All of these are correct.

Bioinformatics can
a. assist genomics and proteomics.
b. compare our genome to that of a primate.
c. depend on computer technology.
d. match genes with proteins.
e. All of these are correct.

Proteomics is used to discover
a. what genes are active in what cells.
b. what proteins are active in what cells.
c. the structure and function of proteins.
d. how proteins interact.
e. All except a are correct.