Biology 2015

Which of these is not correct?
a. Uric acid is produced from the breakdown of nucleic acids.
b. Urea is produced from the breakdown of proteins.
c. Ammonia results from the deamination of amino acids.
d. All of these are correct.

One advantage of the excretion of urea instead of uric acid is that urea
a. requires less energy than uric acid to produce.
b. can be concentrated to a greater extent.
c. is not a toxic substance.
d. requires no water to excrete.
e. is a larger molecule.

Which of these pairs is mismatched?
a. insects—excrete uric acid
b. humans—excrete urea
c. fishes—excrete ammonia
d. birds—excrete ammonia
e. All of these are mismatched

Freshwater bony fishes maintain water balance by
a. excreting salt across their gills.
b. periodically drinking small amounts of water.
c. excreting a hypotonic urine.
d. excreting wastes in the form of uric acid.
e. Both a and c are correct.

Which of these is not an adaptation that helps kangaroo rats conserve water?
a. formation of a very hypertonic urine
b. highly convoluted nasal passages
c. production of very dry feces
d. relatively long loops of the nephron in kidneys
e. secretion of excess salt from glands near eyes

In the path of blood through the human kidney, the blood vessel that follows the renal artery is the
a. peritubular capillary.
b. efferent arteriole.
c. afferent arteriole.
d. renal vein.

Which of these materials is not filtered from the blood at the glomerulus?
a. water
b. urea
c. protein
d. glucose

Excretion of a hypertonic urine in humans is associated best with
a. the glomerular capsule.
b. the proximal convoluted tubule.
c. the loop of the nephron.
d. the collecting duct.
e. Both c and d are correct.

Which of these causes blood pressure to decrease?
a. aldosterone
b. antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
c. renin
d. atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)

Label this diagram of a nephron