SAT Biology E/M

Deborah Goldberg

Chapter 2

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY - all with Video Answers

Educators

+ 28 more educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

A solution with a pH of 2 is times more acidic than one with a $\mathrm{pH}$ of $5 .$
(A) 3
(B) 10
(C) 100
(D) $1,000$
(E) $10,000$

Anna Miller

Anna Miller

Numerade Educator

Problem 1

Choose from the terms below.
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum }} \\ {\text { (B) Nucleolus }} \\ {\text { (C) Ribosomes }} \\ {\text { (D) Lysosomes }} \\ {\text { (E) Golgi apparatus }}\end{array}$$
The site of protein production

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 1

Questions $1-6$
(A) Mitotic cell division
(B) Meiotic cell division
The human liver can be induced to regenerate when liver cells become damaged and need to be replaced.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 1

All of the following are correct about cell respiration EXCEPT
(A) it is an oxidative process
(B) all plant and animal cells carry out respiration all the time
(C) it consists of glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and the electron con transport chain
(D) oxygen molecules are pumped across the cristae membrane to the outer compartment
(E) most ATP is produced during cell respiration as a result of the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 1

Choose from the terms below:
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Oxygen }} \\ {\text { (B) Protons }} \\ {\text { (C) } \mathrm{PGAL}} \\ {\text { (D) } \mathrm{NADPH}} \\ {\text { (E) ATP }}\end{array}$$
Provides the energy for the light-independent reactions

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

All of the following are correct about enzymes EXCEPT
(A) the mechanism by which enzymes work is known as lock and key
(B) they are proteins
(C) they denature at high temperatures
(D) they are assisted by vitamins and minerals
(E) enzymes are not degraded during a reaction

Jessica Wolf

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

Choose from the terms below.
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum }} \\ {\text { (B) Nucleolus }} \\ {\text { (C) Ribosomes }} \\ {\text { (D) Lysosomes }} \\ {\text { (E) Golgi apparatus }}\end{array}$$
Found in large quantities in white blood cells and other phagocytosing cells

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

Questions $1-6$
(A) Mitotic cell division
(B) Meiotic cell division
A fertilized egg grows into a fetus and then a baby during a nine-month gestation period.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

Glycolysis
(A) produces water
(B) requires oxygen
(C) involves an electron transport chain
(D) is the breakdown of glucose to produce pyruvic acid
(E) produces carbon dioxide

AP

Alyson Pernsteiner

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

Choose from the terms below:
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Oxygen }} \\ {\text { (B) Protons }} \\ {\text { (C) } \mathrm{PGAL}} \\ {\text { (D) } \mathrm{NADPH}} \\ {\text { (E) ATP }}\end{array}$$
A sugar synthesized during photosynthesis

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

All of the following are correct about water EXCEPT
(A) water is a molecule
(B) there is little attraction between water molecules
(C) the covalent bonds between oxygen and hydrogen are polar or unbalanced
(D) the reason that water and lipids do not mix is because water is a polar molecule while lipids are nonpolar
(E) water has a relatively high heat of vaporization because of strong intermolecular attractions

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Choose from the terms below.
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum }} \\ {\text { (B) Nucleolus }} \\ {\text { (C) Ribosomes }} \\ {\text { (D) Lysosomes }} \\ {\text { (E) Golgi apparatus }}\end{array}$$
The site of RNA production

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Questions $1-6$
(A) Mitotic cell division
(B) Meiotic cell division
Human males begin to produce sperm at puberty.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

The electron transport chain is located in the
(A) cytoplasm
(B) cristae of the mitochondria
(C) outer compartment of mitochondria
(D) inner matrix
(E) Golgi body

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Choose from the terms below:
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Oxygen }} \\ {\text { (B) Protons }} \\ {\text { (C) } \mathrm{PGAL}} \\ {\text { (D) } \mathrm{NADPH}} \\ {\text { (E) ATP }}\end{array}$$
Released as a waste product from the light-dependent reactions

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

Which is NOT a characteristic of water?
(A) Water has a high specific heat.
(B) Water has a high heat of vaporization.
(C) Water exhibits strong cohesion tension.
(D) Water is less dense than ice.
(E) Water is known as a universal solvent.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

Which of the following would most likely be the diameter of a eukaryotic cell?
(A) 1.0$\mu \mathrm{m}$
(B) 100$\mu m$
(C) 1000$\mu m$
(D) 1.0 nm
(E) 10 nm

Daniel Lai

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

Questions $1-6$
(A) Mitotic cell division
(B) Meiotic cell division
A fertilized ovum undergoes rapid cell division immediately after it is fertilized by a sperm cell.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

Each NADH molecule carrying protons to the electron transport chain can produce ________ molecules of ATP.
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 20
(E) an unlimited number of

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

Choose from the terms below:
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Oxygen }} \\ {\text { (B) Protons }} \\ {\text { (C) } \mathrm{PGAL}} \\ {\text { (D) } \mathrm{NADPH}} \\ {\text { (E) ATP }}\end{array}$$
A molecule that carries $\mathrm{H}_{2}$ from the light-dependent reactions to
the Calvin cycle

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

The pH of blood in humans
(A) is lowest at birth and gradually increases with age up to a maximum level
(B) is different for men and women
(C) varies with the activity level of the individual
(D) is highest at birth and gradually decreases to a minimum level
(E) is normally 7.4 and resists change at all times

Liuxi Sun

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

One difference between a plant cell and an animal cell is
(A) only plant cells have chloroplasts while only animal cells have mitochondria
(B) only plant cells have nucleoli
(C) only animal cells have nucleoli
(D) only animal cells have plasma membranes
(E) animal cells form a cleavage furrow when they divide

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

Questions $1-6$
(A) Mitotic cell division
(B) Meiotic cell division
A cut on your skin heals.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

Which of the following is the most important thing that occurs during cell respiration?
(A) $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ is produced during the Krebs cycle.
(B) Protons and electrons combine with oxygen to form water.
(C) Oxygen is released.
(D) A proton gradient is created.
(E) ATP is produced.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

Choose from the terms below:
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Oxygen }} \\ {\text { (B) Protons }} \\ {\text { (C) } \mathrm{PGAL}} \\ {\text { (D) } \mathrm{NADPH}} \\ {\text { (E) ATP }}\end{array}$$
Pass through ATP synthetase channels

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

Which of the following is NOT a carbohydrate?
(A) Glucose
(B) Lactose
(C) Insulin
(D) Starch
(E) Sucrose

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

All of the following are true of the electron microscope EXCEPT
(A) the resolution is greater than that using a light microscope
(B) the magnification can be greater than $100,000 \times$
(C) living specimens can be studied in great detail
(D) a narrow beam of electrons forms an image
(E) it takes hours to prepare a specimen for viewing

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

Questions $1-6$
(A) Mitotic cell division
(B) Meiotic cell division
A cancerous tumor grows larger.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

The loss of electrons is known as
(A) reduction
(B) oxidation
(C) redox
(D) electron transport chain
(E) lysis

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

The oxygen that plants give off
(A) comes from the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
(B) comes from the light-independent reaction of photosynthesis
(C) is a by-product of respiration
(D) comes from carbon dioxide that plants absorb
(E) is carried from the Calvin cycle to the light reactions by NADP

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

Which of the following is NOT a polysaccharide?
(A) Cellulose
(B) Glycogen
(D) Chitin
(D) Glycerol
(E) Starch

Kyle Ukes

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

All of the following are correct about prokaryotes EXCEPT
(A) they have one chromosome
(B) they contain ribosomes
(C) they are smaller than eukaryotic cells
(D) they can be either anaerobic or aerobic
(E) they contain small mitochondria

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

Which of the following does NOT occur by mitosis?
(A) Growth
(B) Production of gametes
(C) Repair
(D) Development of an embryo
(E) Cleavage furrow forms in animal cells

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

The immediate result of the electron transport chain is
(A) water is produced
(B) ATP is produced
(C) lactic acid is produced
(D) glucose is broken down into 2 pyruvic acid molecules
(E) a proton gradient is created

NS

Nihar Shah

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

All of the following statements are correct about photosynthesis EXCEPT
(A) water provides hydrogen for carbon fixation
(B) the light-independent reactions occur in the stroma
(C) the light-independent reactions normally occur at night inmost plants
(D) the light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes
(E) the thylakoid membranes are part of the grana

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

Which of the following is correctly matched?
(A) Proteins- nucleotides
(B) Lipids-glycerol
(C) Carbohydrates- amino acids
(D) DNA- glucose
(E) None of the above is correctly matched.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

The phase-contrast microscope
(A) uses a beam of electrons to form an image
(B) was developed by Robert Hooke
(C) was developed by Anton van Leeuwenhoek
(D) is commonly used to study genes
(E) is useful in examining unstained, living tissue

Christy Bales, Ph.D.

Christy Bales, Ph.D.

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

Questions $8-9$
How many chromosomes are in this cell?
(A) 0
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) Cannot be determined

Glaser Harris

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

The role of oxygen in aerobic respiration is
(A) to transport $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$
(B) as the final proton and electron acceptor in the electron transport chain
(C) to transport electrons in glycolysis
(D) to provide electrons for the electron transport chain
(E) most important in the Krebs cycle

Dylan Miller

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

All of the following statements are correct about the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis EXCEPT
(A) carotenoids are accessory pigments
(B) they take place in the grana
(C) when light strikes chlorophyll a, electrons enter an electron transport chain
(D) PGAL, a 3 -carbon sugar, is produced
(E) they take place within the thylakoid membranes

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

Questions $9-15$ Choose from these structural formulas below.
This is a monosaccharide.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

Which would be best to study the structure of thousands of mitochondria?
(A) Dissecting instruments and the scanning electron microscope
(B) Dissecting instruments and the transmission electron microscope
(C) Ultracentrifuge and the transmission electron microscope
(D) Ultracentrifuge and the scanning electron microscope
(E) Dissecting tools and the light microscope

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

Questions $8-9$
How many chromatids are in this cell?
(A) 0
(B) 2
(C) 3
(D) 4
(E) Cannot be determined

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

Which of the following is a waste product of aerobic cell respiration?
I. Water
II. Carbon dioxide
III. ATP
(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I and II only
(D) III only
(E) I, II, and III

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

All of the following statements about photolysis are correct EXCEPT
(A) it occurs during the light-independent reaction
(B) it releases oxygen
(C) it provides hydrogen for carbon fixation
(D) it supplies electrons to chlorophyll a
(E) it is the process of splitting apart molecules of water

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

Questions $9-15$ Choose from these structural formulas below.
This is necessary for growth and repair of tissue.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

What would occur if a plant cell were placed into a strong hypertonic solution?
(A) Nothing would happen because the cell wall would prevent any movement of water or salt.
(B) It would shrink because water would flow toward the more concentrated solution.
(C) It would swell because salt would flow into the cell.
(D) It would shrink because water would flow into the cell.
(E) It would shell because water and salt would flow down the gradient and into the cell.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

In which stage in the life of a cell is the nucleolus visible?
(A) Prophase
(B) Anaphase
(C) Telophase
(D) Cytokinesis
(E) Interphase

AI

Anjali Iyangar

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

Process $A$ represents
(A) glycolysis
(B) the Krebs cycle
(C) the electron transport chain
(D) alcohol fermentation
(E) lactic acid fermentation

Brooke Surin

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

Here is an absorption spectrum for an unknown substance. What color is the substance?
(A) Red
(B) Blue
(C) Green
(D) Yellow
(E) Violet

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

Questions $9-15$ Choose from these structural formulas below.
This combines with fatty acids to form lipids.

RD

Rachel Dove

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

Which process requires energy?
(A) Passive diffusion
(B) Facilitated diffusion of calcium through a channel
(C) Water flowing into a paramecium in a lake
(D) A contractile vacuole removing water from an amoeba
(E) Osmosis of water into a cell

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

Which of the following is NOT found in plant cells?
(A) Cell plate
(B) Cleavage furrow
(C) Middle lamella
(D) Centromere
(E) Chromatids

Jen Weeks

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

Process $A$ occurs in
(A) mitochondria
(B) chloroplasts
(C) the nucleus
(D) the cytoplasm
(E) different organelles in different cells

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

Indicate which of the following events occurs during
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Light-dependent reactions }} \\ {\text { (B) Light-independent reactions }}\end{array}$$
Oxygen is released

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 12

Questions $9-15$ Choose from these structural formulas below.
This is used as a quick energy source.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 12

The ability to respond to stimuli is
(A) called irritability
(B) called locomotion
(C) characteristic of nerve cells only
(D) characteristic of multicelluar organisms only
(E) regulation

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 12

If a cell has 12 chromosomes at the beginning of meiosis, how many chromosomes will it have at the end of meiosis?
(A) 6
(B) 12
(C) 24
(D) 48
(E) It varies with the species.

Dennis Howard

Numerade Educator

Problem 12

Process $C$ represents
(A) glycolysis
(B) the Krebs cycle
(C) the electron transport chain
(D) alcohol fermentation
(E) lactic acid fermentation

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 12

Indicate which of the following events occurs during
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Light-dependent reactions }} \\ {\text { (B) Light-independent reactions }}\end{array}$$
Carbon fixation occurs

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 13

Questions $9-15$ Choose from these structural formulas below.
This is linked to cardiovascular disease.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 13

All of the following are true of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum EXCEPT
(A) it connects the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus
(B) it detoxifies the cell
(C) it synthesizes steroids
(D) it manufactures proteins
(E) it synthesizes lipids

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 13

If a cell has 12 chromosomes at the beginning of mitosis, how many will it have at the end of mitosis?
(A) 6
(B) 12
(C) 24
(D) 48
(E) It varies with the species.

BB

Bianca Breland

Numerade Educator

Problem 13

Which of the following is correct about these processes?
(A) Process $A$ requires energy.
(B) Process $B$ requires energy.
(C) Process $C$ requires energy.
(D) Process $A$ depends on a gradient.
(E) Process $B$ releases oxygen.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 13

Indicate which of the following events occurs during
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Light-dependent reactions }} \\ {\text { (B) Light-independent reactions }}\end{array}$$
ATP is produced

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

Questions $9-15$ Choose from these structural formulas below.
This is an important part of any protein.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

Microtubules
(A) form the cleavage furrow in a dividing cell
(B) enable an amoeba to send out a pseudopod
(C) are made of actin and help support the shape of a cell
(D) are hollow tubes that make up cilia and flagella
(E) are made of myosin and are key to skeletal muscle contraction

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

Which is true about process $C ?$
(A) It requires water.
(B) It is universal. It is the way all organisms produce energy.
(C) It involves the membrane structure ATP synthetase.
(D) It only occurs in animals, not plants.
(E) It results in the by-product pyruvic acid.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

All of the following are true of meiosis in plants EXCEPT
(A) Crossing-over occurs during prophase.
(B) There is no replication of chromosomes between meiosis I and meiosis II.
(C) Spindle fibers are attached to the centriole.
(D) Synapsis occurs during prophase.
(E) Homologous pairs of chromosomes line up on the metaphase plate in meiosis I.

Noah Boudrie

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

Indicate which of the following events occurs during
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Light-dependent reactions }} \\ {\text { (B) Light-independent reactions }}\end{array}$$
Electrons flow through an electron transport chain

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 15

Questions $9-15$ Choose from these structural formulas below.
This consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 15

Nine plus two refers to the
(A) configuration of microtubules in cilia and flagella
(B) configuration of microtubules in centrioles and spindle fibers
(C) configuration of microfilaments in cilia and flagella
(D) configuration of microfilaments in centrioles and spindle fibers
(E) configuration of myosin filaments in skeletal muscle

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 15

Which is true about process $B ?$
(A) It produces the most energy of all the processes.
(B) It produces energy by chemiosmosis.
(C) Its production of energy is explained by the laws of diffusion.
(D) The raw material is pyruvic acid.
(E) It releases carbon dioxide.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 15

Questions $15-17$
Match the event of mitosis with stages listed below.
Which stage is metaphase I of meiosis?
(A) $A$
(B) $B$
(C) $C$
(D) $D$
(E) $E$

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 15

Indicate which of the following events occurs during
$$\begin{array}{l}{\text { (A) Light-dependent reactions }} \\ {\text { (B) Light-independent reactions }}\end{array}$$
Calvin cycle occurs

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 16

Questions $16-18$
Match the description to the property of water.
(A) Water exhibits strong cohesion tension.
(B) Water has a high heat of vaporization.
(C) Water has a high specific heat.
(D) Ice is less dense than water.
(E) Water is a universal solvent.
Water moves up tall trees because this is true.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 16

According to the theory of endosymbiosis,
(A) autotrophic cells were the first to evolve
(B) heterotrophic cells were the first to evolve
(D) chloroplasts evolved from mitochondria
(D) mitochondria evolved from chloroplasts
(E) chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved when free-living prokaryotes permanently took up residence inside larger prokaryotic cells.

Matthew Gooch

Numerade Educator

Problem 16

Which of the following probably evolved first?
(A) the Krebs cycle
(B) chemiosmosis
(C) glycolysis
(D) the electron transport chain
(E) the citric acid cycle

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 16

Questions $15-17$
Match the event of mitosis with stages listed below.
Which stage is metaphase II of meiosis?
(A) $A$
(B) $B$
(C) $C$
(D) $D$
(E) $E$

AM

Andrew Madea

Numerade Educator

Problem 16

The oxygen given off by plants comes from
(A) ATP
(B) NADP
(C) chlorophyll a
(D) PGAL
(E) water

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 17

Questions $16-18$
Match the description to the property of water.
(A) Water exhibits strong cohesion tension.
(B) Water has a high heat of vaporization.
(C) Water has a high specific heat.
(D) Ice is less dense than water.
(E) Water is a universal solvent.
Sweating is a cooling process because of this characteristic of water.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 17

The circle below indicates the position of the letter $X$ as seen in the field of your compound light microscope. To get the letter $X$ into the center of the field, you would have to move the slide
(A) to the right and down
(B) to the left and up
(D) to the left and down
(D) to the right and up
(E) it depends on the brand of microscope

Alexandra King

Numerade Educator

Problem 17

All of the following are correct about ATP synthetase EXCEPT
(A) it is a molecule located within the cristae membrane
(B) it spinds like a turbine
(C) it binds a phosphate to a molecule of ADP
(D) it is an important component of glycolysis
(E) its function depends on a proton gradient

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 17

Questions $15-17$
Match the event of mitosis with stages listed below.
Which stage is anaphase II of meiosis?
(A) $A$
(B) $B$
(C) $C$
(D) $D$
(E) $E$

Sahil Patel

Numerade Educator

Problem 17

Which of the following is not a photosynthetic pigment?
(A) Chlorophyll $a$
(B) Chlorophyll $b$
(C) Carotenoid
(D) Bromothymol blue
(E) Phycobilins

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 18

Questions $16-18$
Match the description to the property of water.
(A) Water exhibits strong cohesion tension.
(B) Water has a high heat of vaporization.
(C) Water has a high specific heat.
(D) Ice is less dense than water.
(E) Water is a universal solvent.
Fish can live through the winter in a lake that has ice floating on the surface.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 18

All of the following are correct about mitochondria EXCEPT
(A) they are the site of cellular respiration
(B) they contain their own DNA
(C) they are the site of photosynthesis
(D) they can self-replicate
(E) they contain an outer double membrane

JN

Jennifer Naciri

Numerade Educator

Problem 18

The breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid occurs during the process of
(A) glycolysis
(B) lactic acid fermentation
(C) the Krebs cycle
(D) the electron transport chain
(E) alcohol fermentation

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 18

Cells that retain the ability to divide indefinitely and which can differentiate into any type of cell are called
(A) cyclins
(B) divisible cells
(C) stem cells
(D) internal regulators
(E) external regulators

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 18

Carotenoids absorb all colors of light EXCEPT
(A) green
(B) blue
(C) yellow
(D) red
(E) violet

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 19

Isotopes differ from each other only in
(A) the number of electrons
(B) the number of protons
(C) the number of neutrons
(D) how they react chemically
(E) the size of the atom

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 19

Choose the pair that is correctly matched.
(A) Krebs cycle- cytoplasm
(B) Electron transport chain- outer compartment of mitochondria
(C) Glycolysis-cristae membrane
(D) Glycolysis-mitochondria
(E) Electron transport chain- cristae membrane

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 19

All of the following are correct about plant cells EXCEPT
(A) they usually contain one large vacuole
(B) lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular digestion
(C) they store pigments in chromoplasts
(D) they may have secondary cell walls in addition to primary cell walls
(E) they have no centrioles

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 19

Chromosomes become visible for the first time during
(A) interphase
(B) prophase
(C) metaphase
(D) anaphase
(E) telophase

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 19

The initial role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is to
(A) synthesize sugar
(B) absorb light energy
(C) fix carbon dioxide
(D) synthesize carbon
(E) convert ADP to ATP

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 20

All of the following are correct about enzymes EXCEPT
(A) enzymes are organic catalysts
(B) enzymes lower the energy of activation
(C) enzymes are assisted by cofactors
(D) enzymes are affected by changes in temperature but not changes in $\mathrm{pH}$
(E) enzymes are larger than the substrates they work on

Jessica Wolf

Numerade Educator

Problem 20

Which of the following involves growing living cells?
(A) Freeze fracture
(B) Freeze-etching
(C) Cell fractionation
(D) Tissue culture
(E) Apoptosis

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 20

During strenuous exercise, skeletal muscles use up ______ and produce large amounts of ______ , which causes pain and fatigue in the muscle.
(A) pyruvic acid- carbon dioxide
(B) carbon dioxide-pyruvic acid
(C) pyruvic acid-lactic acid
(D) oxygen-lactic acid
(E) glycogen- carbon dioxide

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 20

Chromosomes replicate during
(A) interphase
(B) prophase
(C) metaphase
(D) anaphase
(E) telophase

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 20

Which of the following is produced by both cellular respiration and the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
(A) glucose
(B) ATP
(C) $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$
(D) pyruvic acid
(E) oxygen

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 21

A polysaccharide found in plants whose function is storage is
(A) starch
(B) glycogen
(C) chitin
(D) glucagon
(E) cellulose

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 22

Enzymes function because of their particular shape or conformation. Which level of protein structure is most directly responsible for the shape of a protein?
(A) Primary
(B) Secondary
(C) Tertiary
(D) Quaternary
(E) Cannot be determined

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 23

The radioisotope I- 131 is used to diagnose and treat diseases of the
(A) brain
(B) thyroid
(D) pancreas
(D) lungs
(E) stomach

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator