Chapter Questions
List the major structures of all circulatory systems and the specific functions of vertebrate circulatory systems.
Describe and compare the features of open and closed circulatory systems; include the animal groups in which they are found and some advantages and disadvantages of each.
Explain how two- and three-chambered vertebrate hearts work and in which animal groups each is found.
What is a cardiac cycle? How does it occur in a four-chambered heart?
List the three cell-based components of blood and describe the structure and principal functions of each.
Explain the sequence of events that causes the mammalian heart to beat, including the names of the structures involved.
Describe veins, capillaries, and arteries, noting their similarities and differences.
Distinguish among blood plasma, interstitial fluid, and lymph.
Explain the role of cholesterol in blocking arteries.
List the components of the lymphatic system, and describe three important functions of this system.
Explain how the sympathetic nervous system influences blood distribution and blood pressure.
Explain the significance of valves in veins.
In what way do veins and lymphatic vessels resemble one another? How are they different?