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Biology

Eldra P. Solomon, Charles E. Martin, Diana W. Martin,

Chapter 54

Community Ecology - all with Video Answers

Educators


Chapter Questions

01:33

Problem 1

A symbiotic association in which organisms are beneficial to one another is known as (a) predation (b) interspecific competition (c) intraspecific competition (d) commensalism (e) mutualism

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:36

Problem 2

A species' ____ is the totality of its adaptations, its use of resources, and its lifestyle. (a) habitat (b) ecotone (c) ecological niche (d) competitive exclusion (e) coevolution

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:44

Problem 3

Primary succession occurs on (a) bare rock (b) newly cooled lava (c) abandoned farmland (d) a and b (e) a, b, and c

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
02:54

Problem 4

The tendency for two similar species to differ from each other more markedly in areas where they occur together is known as (a) Müllerian mimicry (b) Batesian mimicry (c) resource partitioning (d) competitive exclusion (e) character displacement

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
02:21

Problem 5

Competition with other species helps determine an organism's
(a) ecotone (b) fundamental niche (c) realized niche (d) limiting resource (e) ecosystem

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:30

Problem 6

"Complete competitors cannot coexist" is a statement of the principle of (a) primary succession (b) limiting resources (c) Müllerian mimicry (d) competitive exclusion (e) character displacement

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:19

Problem 7

Based on current evidence, monarch and viceroy butterflies are probably an example of (a) Batesian mimicry (b) character displacement (c) resource partitioning (d) Müllerian mimicry (e) cryptic coloration

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:24

Problem 8

The _____ signifies that species richness is greater where two communities meet than at the center of either community.
(a) edge effect (b) fundamental niche (c) character displacement (d) realized niche (e) limiting resource

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:26

Problem 9

An unpalatable species demonstrates its threat to potential predators by displaying (a) character displacement (b) limiting resources (c) cryptic coloration (d) aposematic coloration (e) competitive exclusion

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:32

Problem 10

A limiting resource does all the following except that it (a) tends to restrict the ecological niche of a species (b) is in short supply relative to a species' need for it (c) limits the presence of a species in a given community (d) results in an intermediate disturbance (e) may be limiting for only part of an organism's life cycle

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
02:09

Problem 11

An ecologist studying several forest-dwelling, insect-eating bird species does not find any evidence of interspecific competition. The most likely explanation is (a) lack of a keystone species (b) low species richness (c) pronounced intraspecific competition (d) coevolution of predator-prey strategies (e) resource partitioning

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
02:55

Problem 12

Support for the individualistic model of community structure includes (a) the decline of honeybees because of two species of parasitic mites (b) the identification of fig trees as a keystone species in tropical forests (c) the competitive exclusion of one Paramecium species by another (d) the distribution of trees along a moisture gradient in Wisconsin forests (e) the effects of the removal of a dominant rodent species from an Arizona desert

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
05:39

Problem 13

In your opinion, are humans a dominant species or a keystone species? Explain your answer.

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
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03:14

Problem 14

Many plants that produce nodules for nitrogen-fixing bacteria are common on disturbed sites. Explain how these plants might simultaneously compete with and facilitate other plant species.

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
05:20

Problem 15

The rough-skinned newt, which lives in western North America, stores a poison in its skin and is avoided by predators. However, several populations of garter snakes have undergone one or a few mutations that enable them to tolerate the toxin, and these snakes eat the newts with no ill effects. How has natural selection affected this predator-prey relationship? Based on what you have learned about evolutionary arms races, predict what may happen to the newts and the poison-resistant garter snakes over time.

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
06:51

Problem 16

Competition is an important part of Darwin's scientific theory of evolution by natural selection, and the evolution of features that reduce competition increases a population's overall fitness. Relate this idea to character displacement and resource partitioning in Darwin's finches.

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
02:50

Problem 17

Examine the top and middle graphs in Figure 54.5. Are these examples of exponential or logistic population growth? Where is $K$ in each graph? (You may need to refer to Chapter 53 to answer these questions.)

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:41

Problem 18

Describe the ecological niche of humans. How have science and technology changed our realized niche during the past 1000 years?

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator