Biology

Mary Ann Clark, Jung Choi, Matthew Douglas

Chapter 47

Conservation Biology and Biodiversity - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

Figure 47.6 Scientists measured the relative abundance of fern spores above and below the K-Pg boundary in this rock sample. Which of the following statements most likely represents their findings?
a. An abundance of fern spores from several species was found below the K-Pg boundary, but none was found above.
b. An abundance of fern spores from several species was found above the K-Pg boundary, but none was found below.
c. An abundance of fern spores was found both above and below the K-Pg boundary, but only one species was found below the boundary, and many species were found above the boundary.
d. Many species of fern spores were found both above and below the boundary, but the total number of spores was greater below the boundary.

Kayla Scholl

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

Figure 47.9 The Svalbard Global Seed Vault is located on Spitsbergen island in Norway, which has an arctic climate. Why might an arctic climate be good for seed storage?

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Converting a prairie to a farm field is an example of ________.
a. overharvesting
b. habitat loss
c. exotic species
d. climate change

Bryan Lynn

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

Figure 47.16 Which of the following statements is not supported by this graph?
a. There are more vulnerable fishes than critically endangered and endangered fishes combined.
b. There are more critically endangered amphibians than vulnerable, endangered and critically endangered reptiles combined.
c. Within each group, there are more critically endangered species than vulnerable species.
d. A greater percentage of bird species are critically endangered than mollusk species.

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

With an extinction rate of 100 E/MSY and an estimated 10 million species, how many extinctions are expected to occur in a century?
a. 100
b. 10,000
c. 100,000
d. 1,000,000

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

An adaptive radiation is________.
a. a burst of speciation
b. a healthy level of UV radiation
c. a hypothesized cause of a mass extinction
d. evidence of an asteroid impact

Bryan Lynn

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

The number of currently described species on the planet is about ________.
a. 17,000
b. 150,000
c. 1.5 million
d. 10 million

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

A mass extinction is defined as ________.
a. a loss of 95 percent of species
b. an asteroid impact
c. a boundary between geological periods
d. a loss of 50 percent of species

Bryan Lynn

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

A secondary plant compound might be used for which of the following?
a. a new crop variety
b. a new drug
c. a soil nutrient
d. a pest of a crop pest

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

Pollination is an example of ________.
a. a possible source of new drugs
b. chemical diversity
c. an ecosystem service
d. crop pest control

Bryan Lynn

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

What is an ecosystem service that performs the same function as a pesticide?
a. pollination
b. secondary plant compounds
c. crop diversity
d. predators of pests

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 12

Which two extinction risks may be a direct result of the pet trade?
a. climate change and exotic species introduction
b. habitat loss and overharvesting
c. overharvesting and exotic species introduction
d. habitat loss and climate change

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 13

Exotic species are especially threatening to what kind of ecosystem?
a. deserts
b. marine ecosystems
c. islands
d. tropical forests

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

Certain parrot species cannot be brought to the United States to be sold as pets. What is the name of the legislation that makes this illegal?
a. Red List
b. Migratory Bird Act
c. CITES
d. Endangered Species Act (ESA)

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 15

What was the name of the first international agreement on climate change?
a. Red List
b. Montreal Protocol
c. International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN)
d. Kyoto Protocol

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 16

About what percentage of land on the planet is set aside as a preserve of some type?
a. 1 percent
b. 6 percent
c. 11 percent
d. 15 percent

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 17

Describe the evidence for the cause of the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) mass extinction.

Eric Goldman

Numerade Educator

Problem 18

Describe the two methods used to calculate contemporary extinction rates.

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 19

Explain how biodiversity loss can impact crop diversity.

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 20

Describe two types of compounds from living things that are used as medications.

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 21

Describe the mechanisms by which human population growth and resource use causes increased extinction rates.

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 22

Explain what extinction threats a frog living on a mountainside in Costa Rica might face.

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 23

Describe two considerations in conservation preserve design.

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator

Problem 24

Describe what happens to an ecosystem when a keystone species is removed.

Kayla Scholl

Numerade Educator