Biology : The Unity and Diversity of Life

Cecie Starr, Christine A. Evers; Lisa Starr

Chapter 39

Digestion and Nutrition - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

A digestive system functions in __________.
a. secreting enzymes
c. eliminating wastes
b. absorbing compounds
d. all of the above

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 1

Most commonly, individuals of a population show a ________ distribution within their habitat.
a. clumped
b. random
c. nearly uniform
d. none of the above

Magdalena Bentia

Magdalena Bentia

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

The enzyme pepsin is activated in the ______
a. mouth
c. small intestine
b. stomach
d. large intestine

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

The rate at which population size grows or declines depends on the rate of _______.
a. births
b. deaths
c. immigration
d. emigration
e. available resources
f. all of the above

Charles Machakwa

Charles Machakwa

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Suppose 200 fish are marked and released in a pond. The following week, 200 fish are caught and 100 of them have marks. There are about _______ fish in this pond.
a. 200
b. 300
?. 400
d. 2,000

Mishal Gul

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Most nutrients are absorbed in the _________.
a. mouth
c. small intestine
b. stomach
d. large intestine

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

A population of worms is growing exponentially in a compost heap. Thirty days ago there were 300 worms and now there are $600 .$ How many worms will there be 30 days from now, assuming conditions remain constant and resources are unlimited?
a. 1,200
b. 1,600
c. 3,200
d. 6,400

Charles Machakwa

Charles Machakwa

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

A bird's keratin-lined ________ helps it grind up food.
a. pharynx
b. crop
c. gizzard
d. gastrovascular cavity

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

Monosaccharides and amino acids absorbed from the small intestine enter
a. blood vessels
b. lymph vessels
c. fat droplets
d. bile

Charles Machakwa

Charles Machakwa

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

For a given species, the maximum rate of increase per individual under ideal conditions is its
a. biotic potential
b. carrying capacity
c. life history pattern
d. age structure

Magdalena Bentia

Magdalena Bentia

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

Bacteria in the ___________ make essential vitamins.
a. stomach
b. small intestine
c. colon
d. esophagus

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

_______ is a density-independent factor that influences population growth.
a. Predation
b. Infectious disease
c. Resource competition
d. Harsh weather

Magdalena Bentia

Magdalena Bentia

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

The low pH of the _______ aids in protein digestion.
a. stomach
b. small intestine
c. large intestine
d. esophagus

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

Species that live in unpredictable habitats are more likely to show traits that are favored by _______
a. $r$ -selection
b. K-selection

Magdalena Bentia

Magdalena Bentia

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

Most water that enters the digestive tract is absorbed across the lining of the
a. stomach
b. small intestine
c. large intestine
d. esophagus

Sam Limsuwannarot

Sam Limsuwannarot

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

When human or animal predators target the largest members of a prey population, prey individuals who ________ are at a selective advantage .
a. mature sexually while small
b. grow rapidly and mature later
c. reproduce a single time late in life
d. do not reproduce

Charles Machakwa

Charles Machakwa

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

Iron is the ________ most often deficient in the diet.
a. macronutrient
b. vitamin
c. mineral
d. enzyme

Charles Machakwa

Charles Machakwa

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

The human population is now about 7 billion. It reached 6 billion in
a. 2007
b. 1999
C. 1802
d. 1350

Magdalena Bentia

Magdalena Bentia

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

Eating a healthy diet entirely of plant foods requires combining foods to obtain all essential
a. saturated fats
b. monosaccharides
c. enzymes
d. amino acids

Charles Machakwa

Charles Machakwa

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

Compared to the less developed countries, the highly developed ones have a higher
a. death rate
b. birth rate
c. total fertility rate
d. resource consumption rate

Magdalena Bentia

Magdalena Bentia

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

Tiny projections called ______ increase the surface area of a brush border cell.
a. villi
b. microvilli
c. cilia
d. flagella

Charles Machakwa

Charles Machakwa

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

All members of a cohort are the same
a. sex
b. size
c. age
d. weight

Magdalena Bentia

Magdalena Bentia

Numerade Educator

Problem 12

________are considered healthy fats that may reduce the risk of heart disease.
a. Saturated fats
c. Glycolipids
b. Trans fats
d. Omega-3 fatty acids

Charles Machakwa

Charles Machakwa

Numerade Educator

Problem 12

The ecological footprint of a person in the United States is about ___ that of a person in India.
a. half
b. twice
c. one-ninth
d. nine times

Magdalena Bentia

Magdalena Bentia

Numerade Educator

Problem 13

A very low BMI indicates a person is _________.
a. obese
c. underweight
b. vitamin C deficient
d. lactose intolerant

Charles Machakwa

Charles Machakwa

Numerade Educator

Problem 13

The demographic transition model predicts a decline in population during the ______ stage.
a. preindustrial
b. transitional
c. industrial
d. postindustrial

Zachary Papazian

Zachary Papazian

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

Match each substance with its description.
gastrin
secretin
bicarbonate
bile
salivary amylase pepsin
short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)
a. enzyme that acts in the stomach
b. produced by colon bacteria
c. breaks down
polysaccharides
d. raises the $\mathrm{pH}$ of chyme
e. stimulates bicarbonate secretion by the pancreas
f. hormone made by stomach
g. emulsifies fats

Mishal Gul

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

A population in which the total fertility rate exceeds the replacement fertility rate is _________.
a. increasing in size
b. decreasing in size
c. not changing in size

Charles Machakwa

Charles Machakwa

Numerade Educator

Problem 15

Match each organ with its digestive function in humans.
gallbladder
salivary gland
colon
liver
esophagus
rectum
pancreas
a. final stop for digestive waste
b. makes bile
c. compacts undigested residues
d. adds enzymes to small intestine
e. delivers food to the stomach
f. stores, secretes bile
g. secretes gastric fluid
h. secretes enzyme that begins starch digestion

Charles Machakwa

Charles Machakwa

Numerade Educator

Problem 15

Match each term with its most suitable description.
carrying capacity
exponential growth
biotic potential
limiting factor
logistic growth

Ritika Shakkerwal

Ritika Shakkerwal

Numerade Educator