Chapter Questions
Which is not a nucleotide base in DNA?a. adenineb. guaninec. glutamined. thyminee. cytosinef. All are in DNA.
What are the base-pairing rules for DNA?a. $A-G, T-C$b. $A-C, T-G$c. $A-T, G-C$d. A-A, G-G, C-C, T-T
Similarities in________ are the basis of similarities in traits.a. karyotypeb. DNA sequencec. the double helixd. chromosome number
One species' DNA differs from others in its ________.a. nucleotidesb. DNA sequencec. double helixd. sugar-phosphate backbone
In eukaryotic chromosomes, DNA wraps around ________.a. histone proteinsb. sister chromatidsc. centromeresd. nucleosomes
The chromosome number________.a. refers to a particular chromosome in a cellb. is a characteristic feature of a speciesc. is the number of autosomes in cells of a given typed. is the same in all species
Human body cells are diploid, which means they________.a. divide to form two cellsb. have two full sets of chromosomesc. contain two sex chromosomes
DNA replication requires ________.a. DNA polymeraseb. nucleotidesc. primersd. all are required
Energy that drives the attachment of a nucleotide to the end of a growing strand of DNA comes from ________.a. the nucleotideb. DNA polymerasec. phosphate-group transfers from ATP
When DNA replication begins, ________.a. the two DNA strands unwind from each otherb. the two DNA strands condense for base transfersc. old strands move to find new strands
The phrase $5^{\prime}$ to $3^{\prime}$ refers to the ________.a. timing of DNA replicationb. directionality of DNA synthesisc. number of phosphate groups
After DNA replication, a eukaryotic chromosome ________.a. consists of two sister chromatidsb has a characteristic X shapec. is constricted at the centromered. all of the above
All mutations________.a. result from radiationb. lead to evolutionc. are caused by DNA damaged. change the DNA sequence
________is an example of reproductive cloning.a. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)b. Multiple offspring from the same pregnancyc. Artificial embryo splittingd. a and $c$
Match the terms appropriately________nucleotide________clone________autosome________DNA polymerase________mutation________bacteriophage________semiconservative replication________DNA ligasea. nitrogen-containing base, sugar, phosphate group(s)b. copy of an organismc. does not determine sexd. injects DNAe. replication enzymef. can cause cancerg. something old, something newh. seals gaps and breaks