Chapter Questions
Which is not a nucleotide base in DNA?a. adenined. thymineb. glutaminee. cytosinec. guaninef. all are in DNA
What are the base-pairing rules for DNA?a. $A-G, T-C$c. $A-C, T-G$b. $\mathrm{A}-\mathrm{T}, \mathrm{G}-\mathrm{C}$d. $A-A, G-G, C-C, T-T$
Similarities inin traits.a. karyotypec. the double helixb. DNA sequenced. chromosome number
One species' DNA differs from others in itsa. nucleotidesc. double helixb. DNA sequenced. sugar-phosphate backbone
In eukaryotic chromosomes, DNA wraps arounda. histone proteinsd. centromeresb. sister chromatidse. nucleosomesc. the double helixf. mutations
The chromosome numbera. refers to a particular chromosome in a cellb. is a characteristic feature of a speciesc. is the number of autosomes in cells of a given typed. is the same in all species
Human body cells are diploid, which mean theya. divide to form two cellsb. have two full sets of chromosomesc. contain two chromosomes
When DNA replication begins,a. the two DNA strands unwind from each otherb. the two DNA strands condense for base transfersc. old strands move to find new strands
Which of the following is/are not required for DNA replication to occur?a. DNA polymerased. primersb. nucleotidese. helicasec. template DNAf. all are required
Energy that drives the attachment of a nucleotide to the end of a growing strand of DNA comes froma. the nucleotidec. DNA polymeraseb. phosphate-group transfers from ATP
The phrase "5 prime to 3 prime" refers to thea. timing of DNA replicationb. directionality of DNA synthesisc. number of phosphate groups
After DNA replication, a eukaryotic chromosomea. consists of two sister chromatidsb has a characteristic X shapec. is constricted at the centromered. all of the above
Match the terms appropriately. bacteriophagea. nitrogen-containing base, clone nucleotideb. copy of an organism diploidc. usually one-way DNA ligased. injects DNA mutatione. seals gaps differentiationf. a pyrimidine cytosineg. can cause cancer semiconservativeh. something old, something replication newi. two of each chromosome
All mutationsa. result from radiationb. lead to evolutionc. are caused by DNA damaged. change the DNA sequence
is an example of reproductive cloning.a. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)b. Multiple offspring from the same pregnancyc. Artificial embryo splittingd. In vitro fertilization