Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life

Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers

Chapter 8

DNA Structure and Function - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

Which is not a nucleotide base in DNA?
a. adenine
b. guanine
c. glutamine
d. thymine
e. cytosine
f. All are in DNA.

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Problem 2

What are the base-pairing rules for DNA?
a. $A-G, T-C$
b. $A-C, T-G$
c. $A-T, G-C$

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Problem 3

Variation in ______ is the basis of variation in traits.
a. karyotype
b. the DNA sequence
c. the double helix
d. chromosome number

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Problem 4

One species' DNA differs from others in its ______.
a. nucleotides
b. DNA sequence
c. sugar-phosphate backbone
d. all of the above

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Problem 5

In eukaryotic chromosomes, DNA wraps around ______.
a. histone proteins
b. nucleosomes
c. centromeres
d. none of the above

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Problem 6

Chromosome number ________.
a. refers to a particular chromosome in a cell
b. is a characteristic feature of a species
c. is the number of autosomes in cells of a given type

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Problem 7

Human body cells are diploid, which means _______.
a. they are complete
b. they have two sets of chromosomes
c. they contain sex chromosomes

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Problem 8

When DNA replication begins, _______.
a. the two DNA strands unwind from each other
b. the two DNA strands condense for base transfers
c. old strands move to find new strands

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Problem 9

DNA replication requires _______.
a. DNA polymerase
b. nucleotides
c. primers
d. all are required

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Problem 10

Energy that drives the attachment of a nucleotide to the end of a growing strand of DNA comes from ______.
a. ATP
b. DNA polymerase
c. the nucleotide
d. a and c

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Problem 11

The phrase "5' to 3" " refers to the ______.
a. timing of DNA replication
b. directionality of DNA synthesis
c. number of phosphate groups

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Problem 12

After DNA replication, a eukaryotic chromosome ______.
a. consists of two sister chromatids
b. has a characteristic X shape
c. is constricted at the centromere
d. all of the above

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Problem 13

All mutations ______.
a. cause cancer
b. lead to evolution
c. are caused by radiation
d. change the DNA sequence

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Problem 14

_______ is an example of reproductive cloning.
a. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT)
b. Multiple offspring from the same pregnancy
c. Artificial embryo splitting
d. a and $c$

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Problem 15

Match the terms appropriately.
______ bacteriophage
_____ clone
_____ nucleotide
_____ diploid
_____ DNA ligase
_____ DNA polymerase
_____ autosome
_____ mutation

a. nitrogen-containing base, sugar, phosphate group(s)
b. copy of an organism
c. does not determine sex
d. injects DNA
e. seals breaks in a DNA strand
f. can cause cancer
g. two chromosomes of each type
h. adds nucleotides to a growing DNA strand

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