Biology

Eldra P. Solomon, Charles E. Martin, Diana W. Martin,

Chapter 15

DNA Technology and Genomics - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

A plasmid (a) can be used as a DNA vector (b) is a type of bacteriophage $(\mathrm{c})$ is a type of $\operatorname{cDNA}(\mathrm{d})$ is a retrovirus (e) $\mathrm{b}$ and $\mathrm{c}$

Anitha Mary

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Problem 2

DNA molecules with complementary sticky ends associate by
(a) covalent bonds
(b) hydrogen bonds (c) ionic bonds
(d) disulfide bonds
(e) phosphodiester linkages

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Problem 3

Human DNA and a particular plasmid both have sites that are cut by the restriction enzymes Hindlll and $E c o R l$. To make recombinant DNA, the scientist should (a) cut the plasmid with EcoRl and the human DNA with Hindlll (b) use $E c o R$ l to cut both the plasmid and the human DNA (c) use Hindlll to cut both the plasmid and the human DNA
(d) a or b (e) b or $c$

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Problem 4

Which technique rapidly replicates specific DNA fragments without cloning in cells? (a) gel electrophoresis (b) cDNA libraries (c) DNA probe (d) restriction fragment length polymorphism (e) polymerase chain reaction

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Problem 5

The PCR technique uses (a) heat-resistant DNA polymerase (b) reverse transcriptase (c) DNA ligase (d) restriction enzymes (e) $b$ and $c$

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Problem 6

A cDNA clone contains (a) introns (b) exons (c) anticodons (d) a and b (e) b and c

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Problem 7

The dideoxynucleotides ddATP, ddTTP, ddCTP, and ddCTP are important in DNA sequencing because they (a) cause premature termination of a growing DNA strand (b) are used as primers (c) cause the DNA fragments that contain them to migrate more slowly through a sequencing gel (d) are not affected by high temperatures (e) have more energy than deoxynucleotides

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Problem 8

Gel electrophoresis separates nucleic acids on the basis of differences in (a) length (molecular weight) (b) charge (c) nucleotide sequence (d) relative proportions of adenine and guanine (e) relative proportions of thymine and cytosine

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Problem 9

A genomic DNA library (a) represents all the DNA in a specific chromosome (b) is made using reverse transcriptase (c) is stored in a collection of recombinant bacteria (d) is a DNA copy of mature mRNAs (e) allows researchers to amplify a tiny sample of DNA

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Problem 10

Tissue growth factor- $\beta$ (a) is a DNA probe for recombinant plasmids (b) is a product of DNA technology used in tissue engineering (c) is necessary to make a cDNA library (d) cannot be synthesized without a heat-resistant DNA polymerase (e) is isolated by the Southern blot technique

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Problem 11

These highly polymorphic molecular markers are useful in DNA fingerprinting: (a) plasmid vectors (b) cloned DNA sequences (c) palindromic DNA sequences (d) short tandem repeats (e) complementary DNAs

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Problem 12

What are some of the problems that might arise if you were trying to produce a eukaryotic protein in a bacterium? How might using transgenic plants or animals help solve some of these problems?

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Problem 13

Would genetic engineering be possible if we did not know a great deal about the genetics of bacteria? Explain.

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Problem 14

STR analysis was performed on blood from a crime scene as well as from three suspects. The crime scene DNA is marked Evidence. Which suspect's DNA matches the evidence?

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Problem 15

DNA technology, such as the production of transgenic animals, is possible only because widely different organisms have essentially identical genetic systems (DNA $\longrightarrow$ RNA $\longrightarrow$ protein). What is the evolutionary significance of the universality of genetic systems in organisms as diverse as bacteria and pigs?

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Problem 16

What are some ways that recent DNA technologies might affect you personally?

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