Chapter 1, Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses Video Solutions, Understanding Pharmacology: Essentials for Medication Safety

Problem 1

Which function is primarily the role of the pharmacist in drug therapy?
A. Administering a prescribed drug directly to the patient
B. Teaching a patient the possible side effects of a prescribed drug
C. Changing the dose of a prescribed drug based on a patient's response
D. Dispensing a drug according to the instructions written in the prescription

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01:44

Problem 2

What action or condition is a major disadvantage of the oral drug delivery route?
A. First-pass loss of drug is extensive.
B. Drug must be sterile rather than clean.
C. Only lipid-soluble drugs can be absorbed.
D. Adverse effects occur more rapidly than with other routes.

Willis James

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

What major consideration allows a drug to be available over-the-counter (OTC) rather than by prescription?
A. The drug has absolutely no side effects or intended responses.
B. The cost of the drug must be lower than prescription drugs.
C. The drug has not undergone any federally regulated safety testing.
D. The drug is safe when the directions for dosage and scheduling are followed.

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00:20

Problem 4

How much does a child who weighs $34 \mathrm{lb}$ weigh in kilograms $(\mathrm{kg})$ ?
A. $15 \mathrm{~kg}$
B. $34 \mathrm{~kg}$
C. $68 \mathrm{~kg}$
D. $74.8 \mathrm{~kg}$

Amy Jiang

Numerade Educator

03:08

Problem 5

What is the minimal effective concentration (MEC)?
A. The movement of drug from outside the body to the inside of the body without the use of needles or syringes.
B. The way in which drugs work to change body function and the way in which the body changes drug composition.
C. The smallest amount of drug necessary in the blood or target tissue to result in a measurable intended response.
D. The smallest amount of drug lost as a result of liver metabolism and elimination before the drug reaches its target tissue.

Adrian Co

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

Which statement about drug side effects is true?
A. All drugs have at least one side effect.
B. Side effects usually cause tissue damage.
C. Side effects change pharmacokinetics and reduce a drug's main effect.
D. Once a patient experiences a side effect, he or she cannot be prescribed that drug again.

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Problem 7

What is the meaning of the word contraindication in relation to drug therapy?
A. The reason a person should be given a drug by the parenteral route when most people take the drug by the enteral route.
B. The type of reaction to a drug a patient experiences that is exactly the opposite of the drug's usual intended response.
C. The trapping of a drug in the body's fat cells so that the drug is released slowly over time.
D. A personal or health-related reason why a drug should NOT be given to a patient.

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01:44

Problem 8

What route of drug administration is the most commonly used for drug therapy?
A. Enteral
B. Parenteral
C. Inhalation
D. Transdermal

Willis James

Numerade Educator

02:19

Problem 9

Which organ is most heavily involved in drug metabolism?
A. Stomach
B. Rectum
C. Spleen
D. Liver

Eric Goldman

Numerade Educator

01:38

Problem 10

Which statement about drug half-life is true?
A. A drug with a half-life of 2 hours is totally eliminated from the body in 4 hours.
B. Drugs with a short half-life are more likely to be sequestered.
C. Most drugs with a long half-life require less frequent dosing.
D. Half-life is extended when the drug is taken with a full glass of water.

Ramesh Singh

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

Which patient response indicates a drug's intended action or therapeutic response?
A. Ankle swelling
B. Bone strengthening
C. Constipation
D. Dizziness

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Problem 12

Which condition would be considered a contraindication for a specific drug?
A. The patient has loose stools when he takes an antibiotic for 2 weeks.
B. The patient who is prescribed to take penicillin is 7 months pregnant.
C. The patient prescribed to take lisinopril (Prinivil) has had swelling of the lips, face, and tongue when taking another drug from the same drug class (family).
D. The patient prescribed to take diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for an allergic reaction usually gets sleepy after taking this drug.

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01:54

Problem 13

What is an advantage of a drug with a long half-life?
A. The drug is taken fewer times daily.
B. The drug does not have to be metabolized before it is eliminated.
C. Usually, a drug with a long half-life has fewer side effects than a drug with a short half-life.
D. Most drugs with a long half-life are less expensive than are drugs with a shorter half-life.

Subash Charan

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

Which patient response is a personal (idiosyncratic) adverse response to a drug rather than a true allergic reaction or general side effect?
A. Prolonged hiccoughing while taking a drug to reduce nausea and vomiting
B. A change in urine color to reddish orange while taking a bladder anesthetic for 3 days
C. Development of a vaginal yeast infection while taking a tetracycline antibiotic for the past 10 days
D. Swelling of the lips, tongue, and lower face while taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor type of antihypertensive for 2 weeks

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Problem 15

What type of reaction is a child having when he or she becomes more alert and excited when taking an antihistamine that usually makes people sleepy?
A. Adverse reaction
B. Allergic reaction
C. Intended reaction
D. Paradoxical reaction

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01:58

Problem 16

Which condition represents the "steady-state" phase of drug metabolism?
A. The drug is excreted at the same rate that it is absorbed, resulting in an even blood-drug concentration.
B. The drug is excreted at a more rapid rate than it is absorbed, resulting in a lower blood-drug concentration.
C. The drug is excreted at a slower rate than it is absorbed, resulting in a high blood-drug concentration.
D. The drug is activated rather than inactivated by metabolic processing, resulting in the excretion of an active compound.

Nicholas Mogoi

Numerade Educator

Problem 17

A patient who is breastfeeding her 6-week-old infant is prescribed to take montelukast sodium (Singulair) $10 \mathrm{mg}$ orally daily (at 9:00 AM) for control of asthma. Which action should you teach her to reduce the infant's exposure to this drug?
A. Breastfeed the infant no sooner than 1 hour after taking the drug.
B. Avoid drinking fluids for 6 hours after taking the drug.
C. Breastfeed the infant right before taking the drug.
D. Take the drug on an empty stomach.

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Problem 18

A drug is prescribed at $220 \mathrm{mg}$ orally every 8 hours. How many total milligrams are given in a 24-hour period?
A. 440
B. 660
C. 880
D. 1100

Ronald Prasad

Numerade Educator

02:06

Problem 19

A patient receives $250 \mathrm{mg}$ of an oral drug at noon, $6 \mathrm{PM}$, and midnight. The drug has a half-life of 6 hours. How much of the drug remains in the patient at $6 \mathrm{AM}$ the next day?
A. $437.75 \mathrm{mg}$
B. $375 \mathrm{mg}$
C. $218.75 \mathrm{mg}$
D. $187.5 \mathrm{mg}$

James Kiss

Numerade Educator

01:09

Problem 20

What is the weight in kilograms for a man who weighs $192 \mathrm{lb}$ ? $\mathrm{kg}$

Supratim Pal

Numerade Educator