Chapter 23, Drug Therapy for Gastric Ulcers and Reflux Video Solutions, Understanding Pharmacology: Essentials for Medication Safety

Problem 1

Which statement about drug therapy for Alzheimer's disease is accurate?
A. Lifelong drug prescriptions are the cure for Alzheimer's disease.
B. Drug therapy for Alzheimer's disease must be taken until the symptoms resolve.
C. Medications prescribed to treat Alzheimer's disease slow progression of the illness.
D. A combination of drug therapy, diet, and exercise is necessary to cure the illness.

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Problem 2

A patient is prescribed memantine (Namenda) for Alzheimer's disease. For which common side effects should you monitor? (Select all that apply.)
A. Diarrhea
B. Constipation
C. Dizziness
D. Confusion
E. Fatigue
F. Headache

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Problem 3

Which lab tests should you check before and after administering memantine to a patient?
A. Hematocrit and hemoglobin
B. Clotting studies including activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and international normalized ratio (INR)
C. Serum electrolytes
D. White blood cell count

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Problem 4

When should you teach a patient and his or her caregivers to administer donepezil (Aricept)?
A. In the morning before breakfast
B. Thirty minutes before lunch
C. With the first bite at any meal
D. In the evening at bed time

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Problem 5

A patient with Parkinson's disease is prescribed the rotigotine (Neupro) patch. What must you do to ensure proper adherence of the patch to the patient's skin?
A. Wash the skin with soap and warm water before applying the patch.
B. Place a skin protective lotion on the skin around the patch.
C. Press firmly on the patch especially around the edges for 20 to 30 seconds.
D. Remove the old patch and apply the new patch to the same area. Test Yourself on Advanced Concepts

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Problem 6

How do cholinesterase/acetylcholinesterase inhibitor drugs used for Alzheimer's disease work?
A. They prolong the availability of dopamine.
B. They inhibit the breakdown of acetylcholine.
C. They inhibit transmission of abnormal nerve impulses.
D. They act in the brain to degrade dopamine more rapidly.

Hunza Gilgit

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

The spouse of a patient with Alzheimer's disease asks you how memantine (Namenda) will help his wife. What is your best response?
A. "Memantine will prevent overstimulation of certain receptors in the brain which seems to be one cause of Alzheimer's disease."
B. "This drug treatment will cure your wife's Alzheimer's disease."
C. "The action of memantine will slow the progression of the disease by keeping levels of acetylcholine higher."
D. "This drug will not cure your wife's disease, but it will prevent it from getting worse."

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Problem 8

Which assessments are essential before and after giving a drug for Alzheimer's disease? (Select all that apply.)
A. Language skills
B. Weight
C. Bowel function
D. Swallowing
E. Ability to perform simple tasks

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Problem 9

What do you teach the spouse and the patient who has been prescribed rivastigmine (Exelon) about common side effects? (Select all that apply.)
A. "Give this drug once a day at bedtime."
B. "Check the patient's blood pressure before giving the drug."
C. "Rivastigmine can cause you to feel tired and weak."
D. "The drug works best when given on an empty stomach."
E. "Remember to get up slowly because this drug can cause dizziness."

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Problem 10

What precaution must you teach the spouse of an older, frail female patient with Alzheimer's disease who is prescribed donepezil (Aricept)?
A. Be sure to keep your wife on bedrest after she takes this drug.
B. Have your wife drink extra water because this drug decreases urination.
C. Be sure to monitor your wife's weight and report weight loss to the prescriber.

D. Monitor your wife's breathing because this drug can cause chronic difficulty with breathing.
11. Which patient response indicates to you that benztropine (Cogentin) therapy for Parkinson's disease is effective?
A. Reduced tremor and muscle rigidity
B. Improved memory and attention span
C. Increased ability to perform simple tasks
D. Prevention of seizures

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Problem 11

Which patient response indicates to you that benztropine (Cogentin) therapy for Parkinson's disease is effective?
A. Reduced tremor and muscle rigidity
B. Improved memory and attention span
C. Increased ability to perform simple tasks
D. Prevention of seizures

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Problem 12

For which dangerous adverse effects must you monitor in a patient who is taking carbidopalevodopa (Sinemet)? (Select all that apply.)
A. Decreased white blood cells
B. Suicidal thoughts
C. Rhabdomyolysis
D. Respiratory depression
E. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

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Problem 13

Whàch foods should you teach the patient prescribed rasagiline (Axilect) to avoid? (Select all that apply.)
A. Avocadoes
B. White wines
C. Yogurt
D. Raisins
E. Pasta
F. Sauerkraut

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Problem 14

About which safety measures must you instruct the older adult who has been prescribed carbidopa-levodopa for Parkinson's disease?
A. Apply sunscreens and wear protective clothing whenever outdoors.
B. Always wear shoes and use handrails for stability when going up or down stairs.
C. Monitor fluid intake and urine output to prevent dehydration.
D. Sit on the side of the bed for a few minutes before getting up.
E. Be sure to have regular eye examinations because this drug can cause blurred vision.

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Problem 15

A patient with Alzheimer's disesse is prescribed rivastigmine (Exelon) $4.5 \mathrm{mg}$ twice a day. The drug comes in 1.5-mg tablets. How many tablets do you give for each dose? tablet(s)

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Problem 16

A patient with Parkinson's disease is ordered apomorphine (Apokyn) $0.6 \mathrm{mg}$ subcutaneously. The drug comes in $10 \mathrm{mg} / 1 \mathrm{~mL}$. How many milliliters do you inject for each dose? $\mathrm{mL}$

Ronald Prasad

Numerade Educator