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Understanding Pharmacology: Essentials for Medication Safety

M. Linda Workman; Linda A. LaCharity

Chapter 17

Drug Therapy for Heart Failure - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

02:00

Problem 1

Which drug produces more venous vasodilation than arterial vasodilation?
A. Digoxin
B. Isosorbide
C. Capoten
D. Dobutamine

Eric Goldman
Eric Goldman
Numerade Educator

Problem 2

Before administering a dose of digoxin, which action is essential?
A. Perform orthostatic vital signs.
B. Place the patient on a cardiac monitor.
C. Assess lungs for abnormal sounds such as crackles.
D. Listen to the apical heart rate for a full minute.

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Problem 3

What must you teach a patient about how to take sublingual nitroglycerine?
A. Place the drug between your cheek and gums.
B. Drink a full glass or water with the drug.
C. Notify the prescriber every time you use this drug.
D. A tingling sensation tells you that the drug is potent.

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Problem 4

When you administer a vasodilator drug to an older adult, what is the primary risk?
A. Severe headache
B. Increased risk for falls
C. Sudden increase in blood pressure
D. Acute heart attack

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Problem 5

Which foods will you teach patients are good sources of magnesium? (Select all that apply.)
A. Bananas
B. Almonds
C. Black beans
D. Sweet potatoes
E. Soybeans
F. Yogurt
G. Molasses

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Problem 6

A patient who has just been prescribed enalapril (Vasotec) for heart failure asks you how the drug will work. What is your best response?
A. "It will cause your arteries and veins to dilate."
B. "It will slow your heart rate."
C. "It will decrease the fluid and sodium in your blood and tissues."
D. "It will increase the contraction strength of your heart."

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01:44

Problem 7

Which symptoms will you likely see in a patient with left heart failure? (Select all that apply.)
A. Weak peripheral pulses
B. Full jugular veins when sitting
C. Pulmonary congestion
D. Weight gain
E. Hacking cough that is worse at night
F. Crackles in the lungs

Amy Phillips
Amy Phillips
Numerade Educator
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Problem 8

A patient was recently started on nitroglycerin ointment 1 inch every 6 hours. The patient asks you why the patch is removed at night. What is your best response?
A. "I will contact the pharmacy and let you know the answer to this question."
B. "This drug loses its effectiveness when it is used continuously."
C. "A break in the use of this drug helps to protect your skin from irritation."
D. "At night you will not need this drug because you have fewer heart failure symptoms."

Rashmi Sinha
Rashmi Sinha
Numerade Educator

Problem 9

Older adults are more sensitive to the effects of many heart failure drugs. Which drug is more likely to cause toxicity in older adults?
A. digoxin (Lanoxin)
B. isosorbide (Isordil)
C. hydralazine (Apresoline)
D. captopril (Capoten)

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13:02

Problem 10

An adult patient prescribed magnesium (Max-Oxide) $400 \mathrm{mg}$ by mouth daily tells you he has nausea after taking this drug. What should you teach the patient about taking this drug? (Select all that apply.)
A. "Take your magnesium with a full glass of water."
B. "Always take your magnesium on an empty stomach for better absorption."
C. "You can take your magnesium right after a meal to decrease the nausea."
D. "Over time you will develop a tolerance for magnesium, and the nausea will go away."
E. "Always take your magnesium with food or a snack to avoid gastrointestinal symptoms."
F. "Good food sources of magnesium include green leafy vegetables and almonds."

EO
Everardo Olide
Numerade Educator

Problem 11

A patient is receiving dobutamine (Dobutrex) $0.5 \mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{min}$ by IV. Which manifestations indicate an infection at the IV site? (Select all that apply.)
A. Pain at the IV site
B. Blood in the catheter
C. Redness at the site
D. Hypotension
E. Warmth at the site
F. Swelling at the site

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Problem 12

What are the most important teaching points for a patient who will go home with sublingual nitroglycerin to be used as needed for chest pains? (Select all that apply.)
A. Keep the tablet in place under your tongue until it dissolves.
B. Store the drug in the refrigerator to avoid exposing it to heat.
C. You should experience a tingling sensation, which indicates that the drug is potent.
D. If you experience a headache, acetaminophen can be taken for relief.
E. Take the tablets with a full glass of water or juice.
F. A decrease in blood pressure can be a side effect of this drug.

Rashmi Sinha
Rashmi Sinha
Numerade Educator

Problem 13

What should you teach the patient who has recently been prescribed nesiritide by IV infusion?
A. Your blood pressure will be checked once a day.
B. You may feel some burning at the IV site and that is to be expected.
C. Monitoring your intake and output is important while you are receiving this drug.
D. This drug rarely causes gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea.

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01:20

Problem 14

A patient has been prescribed potassium bicarbonate (K-Lyte) $40 \mathrm{mEq}$ to be given in 2 divided doses with a full glass of water or fruit juice. How much K-Lyte will you give with each dose? mEq per dose

Susan Hallstrom
Susan Hallstrom
Numerade Educator

Problem 15

The prescriber has ordered dobutamine (Dobutrex) $0.5 \mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{kg} / \mathrm{min}$ for a patient who weighs $72 \mathrm{~kg}$. What is the correct infusion rate for this patient? $\mathrm{mcg} / \mathrm{min}$

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02:18

Problem 16

A patient has been ordered digoxin (Lanoxin) $0.25 \mathrm{mg}$ every morning. Digoxin is available in 0.125 -mg tablets. How many tablets will you give the patient for each dose? tablet(s)

Willis James
Willis James
Numerade Educator