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Understanding Pharmacology: Essentials for Medication Safety

M. Linda Workman; Linda A. LaCharity

Chapter 19

Drug Therapy for High Blood Lipids - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

00:45

Problem 1

Which group of antihyperlipidemic drugs works best to lower triglycerides?
A. Statins
B. Fibrates
C. Cholesterol absorption inhibitors
D. Nicotinic acid

Hast Aggarwal
Hast Aggarwal
Numerade Educator
00:45

Problem 2

Which drug is a cholesterol absorption inhibitor?
A. Ezetimibe
B. Simvastatin
C. Gemfibrozil
D. Colestipol

Hast Aggarwal
Hast Aggarwal
Numerade Educator

Problem 3

When should you teach a patient to take a fibrate drug?
A. At bed time
B. 1 hour after breakfast
C. 30 minutes before meals
D. 1 hour before lunch

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Problem 4

What are the most common side effects of nicotinic acid drugs?
A. Nausea and vomiting
B. Dizziness and confusion
C. Bleeding and bruising
D. Itching and nasal inflammation

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02:01

Problem 5

An older adult patient who is prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) tells you that she is experiencing more muscle aches and states, "I'm just getting old." What should you do?
A. Give the drug because this is expected as a person ages.
B. Offer the patient acetaminophen as needed.
C. Suggest a physical therapy consult for an exercise program.
D. Hold the drug and notify the prescribed immediately.
Test Yourself on Advanced Concepts

Sheryl Ezze
Sheryl Ezze
Numerade Educator

Problem 6

A patient asks you how ezetimibe (Zetia) lowers blood lipid levels. What is your best response?
A. "They eliminate cholesterol in the stool."
B. "They decrease production of cholesterol by the liver."
C. "They bind with cholesterol bile acids."
D. "They decrease the absorption of cholesterol by the body."

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Problem 7

A patient taking a statin drug has elevated liver function tests. What is your best first action?
A. Ask the patient if he or she has a history of kidney disease.
B. Assess the patient for signs of liver failure.
C. Ask the patient if he or she has experienced pale gray-colored stools.
D. Hold the drug and notify the prescriber immediately.

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02:35

Problem 8

Which question would you be sure to ask a patient before giving a bile acid sequestrant drug?
A. "Have you experienced any constipation?"
B. "Have you experienced any muscle soreness?"
C. "Have you experienced any facial swelling?"
D. "Have you experienced any difficulty breathing?"

Asma Venkitta
Asma Venkitta
Numerade Educator

Problem 9

A patient's LDL level is very high. Which drug and drug dosage would you teach the patient is best to correct the very high LDL level?
A. simvastatin (Zocor) $5 \mathrm{mg}$ by mouth every evening
B. ezetimibe (Zetia) $10 \mathrm{mg}$ by mouth every day
C. gemfibrozil (Lopid) $600 \mathrm{mg}$ twice a day
D. nicotinic acid (Niacor) $1 \mathrm{~g}$ three times a day

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Problem 10

An older adult prescribed atorvastatin (Lipitor) for familial hyperlipidemia tells you that he is having leg cramps. What is your best action?
A. Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol) $650 \mathrm{mg}$ as ordered.
B. Instruct the patient to exercise his calf muscles to resolve the cramp.
C. Suggest that he begin a regular walking exercise program.
D. Hold the drug and notify the prescriber immediately.

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Problem 11

The outpatient prescribed niacin 1 gram three times a day experiences flushing and hot flashes when taking this drug. What is your best action?
A. Hold the drug and notify the prescriber.
B. Ask the prescriber to order an antiemetic drug.
C. Instruct the patient to take aspirin $325 \mathrm{mg} 15$ to 60 minutes before taking the drug.
D. Reassure the patient that this is an expected side effect.

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Problem 12

What action should you take for a patient prescribed niacin (Niacor) who needs dental surgery?
A. Instruct the patient to take the niacin every day except the day of surgery.
B. Notify the dental surgeon that the patient is taking niacin on a daily basis.
C. Check the patient's blood pressure and heart rate.
D. Monitor the patient for signs of rapid clotting.

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Problem 13

You are providing teaching to a patient who has been prescribed nicotinic acid (Niacor). What information should you be sure to include in the teaching plan?
A. "Nicotinic acid doses are usually started low and gradually increased."
B. "Drink lots of water with Niacor to prevent upset stomach."
C. "Avoid taking Niacor for at least 1 hour after antacids."
D. "Mix Niacor with juice or water before taking your dose."

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Problem 14

What do you teach a woman prescribed niacin (Niacor) who is planning to become pregnant and breastfeed her baby?
A. This drug is safe for use during pregnancy.
B. This drug is safe for use during breastfeeding.
C. This drug should not be taken while breastfeeding.
D. This drug has a low likelihood of increasing the risk for birth defects or fetal damage.

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03:24

Problem 15

A child who weighs $25 \mathrm{~kg}$ is to receive cholestyramine (Questran) $240 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{kg} /$ day in three equally divided doses. What is the correct dose to administer to this child? mg per dose

John Barone
John Barone
Numerade Educator

Problem 16

A patient is to be given Niacor $2 \mathrm{~g}$ orally. Niacor is supplied in 500 -mg tablets. How many tablets will you administer? tablet(s)

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Problem 17

A patient is prescribed colestipol (Colestid) tablets $2 \mathrm{~g}$ per day in two divided doses. Tablets come in 500 -mg tablets. How many tablets will you give for each dose? tablet(s) per dose

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