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Biology

Eric P. Widmaier; Linda E. Graham; Robert J. Brooker

Chapter 56

Ecology - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

04:22

Problem 1

A student decides to use the mark-recapture technique to estimate the population size of mosquitofish in a small pond near his home. In the first catch, he marked 45 individuals. Two weeks later, he captured 62 individuals, of which 8 were marked. What is the estimated size of the population based on these data?
a. 134
c. 558
e. 22,320
b. 349
d. 1,016

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:02

Problem 2

Refer to the following table:
$$
\begin{array}{llllll}
\text { Age } & n_{x} & d_{x} & l_{x} & m_{x} & l_{x} m_{x} \\
0 & 100 & 35 & 1.00 & 0 & 0 \\
1 & 65 & ? & 0.65 & 0 & 0 \\
2 & 45 & 15 & ? & 3 & 1.35 \\
3 & 30 & 20 & 0.30 & 1 & ? \\
4 & 10 & 10 & 0.10 & 1 & 0.10 \\
5 & 0 & 0 & 0.00 & 1 & 0.0
\end{array}
$$
How many individuals die between their first and second birthday?
a. 65
b. 45
c. 35
d. 25
e. 20

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:13

Problem 3

Refer to the following table:
$$
\begin{array}{llllll}
\text { Age } & n_{x} & d_{x} & l_{x} & m_{x} & l_{x} m_{x} \\
0 & 100 & 35 & 1.00 & 0 & 0 \\
1 & 65 & ? & 0.65 & 0 & 0 \\
2 & 45 & 15 & ? & 3 & 1.35 \\
3 & 30 & 20 & 0.30 & 1 & ? \\
4 & 10 & 10 & 0.10 & 1 & 0.10 \\
5 & 0 & 0 & 0.00 & 1 & 0.0
\end{array}
$$
What proportion of newborns survive to age $2 ?$
a. 0.55
b. 0.45
c. 0.35
d. 0.20
e. 0.15

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:17

Problem 4

Refer to the following table:
$$
\begin{array}{llllll}
\text { Age } & n_{x} & d_{x} & l_{x} & m_{x} & l_{x} m_{x} \\
0 & 100 & 35 & 1.00 & 0 & 0 \\
1 & 65 & ? & 0.65 & 0 & 0 \\
2 & 45 & 15 & ? & 3 & 1.35 \\
3 & 30 & 20 & 0.30 & 1 & ? \\
4 & 10 & 10 & 0.10 & 1 & 0.10 \\
5 & 0 & 0 & 0.00 & 1 & 0.0
\end{array}
$$
What is the net reproductive rate?
a. 5
b. 2.5
c. 1.75
d. 1.45
e. 0.80

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:42

Problem 5

_______________ survivorship curves are usually associated with organisms that have high mortality rates in the early stages of life.
a. type I
b. type II
c. type III
d. types I and II
e. types II and III

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:19

Problem 6

If the net reproductive rate $\left(R_{0}\right)$ is equal to $0.5,$ what assumption can we make about the population?
a. This population is essentially not changing in numbers.
b. This population is in decline.
c. This population is growing.
d. This population is in equilibrium.
e. None of the above is correct.

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:21

Problem 7

The maximum number of individuals a certain area can sustain is
known as the
a. intrinsic rate of growth.
b. resource limit.
c. carrying capacity.
d. logistic equation.
e. equilibrium size.

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:30

Problem 8

Refer to the following generalized growth patterns, plotted on arithmetic scales. In each case, choose the correct pattern from the four options.
Each pattern may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
Which pattern is found when a population exhibits a constant per capita growth rate?
a. $A$
b. $B$
c. $C$
d. $D$
e. none of the above

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
01:07

Problem 9

Refer to the following generalized growth patterns, plotted on arithmetic scales. In each case, choose the correct pattern from the four options.
Each pattern may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
Which pattern is found when a population is heading toward extinction?
a. $A$
b. $B$
c. C
d. D
e. none of the above

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator
02:24

Problem 10

The amount of land necessary for survival for each person in a sustainable world is known as
a. the sustainability level.
b. an ecological impact.
c. an ecological footprint.
d. survival needs.
e. all of the ab

Danielle Ashley
Danielle Ashley
Numerade Educator