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Biology: How Life Works

James Morris, Daniel Hartt, Andrew Knoll

Chapter 46

Ecosystem Ecology - all with Video Answers

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Chapter Questions

01:35

Problem 1

Why does the coupling of photosynthesis and respiration result in the cycling of carbon?

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Vivek Singh
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01:38

Problem 2

Draw and explain the curve representing the changing atmospheric levels of $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ over the course of a year.

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Vivek Singh
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02:05

Problem 3

Draw and explain the curve representing the changing atmospheric levels of $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ over the past 150 years.

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Vivek Singh
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01:55

Problem 4

The graph in Fig. 46.3 suggests that human activities have influenced $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ levels in the atmosphere. What is one line of evidence that lends support to this hypothesis?

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Vivek Singh
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01:49

Problem 5

Draw and explain the curve representing changing atmospheric levels of $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ over the last 400,000 years.

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Vivek Singh
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01:34

Problem 6

How do geologic processes participate in the long-term carbon cycle?

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Vivek Singh
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01:39

Problem 7

If plate tectonic processes form a chain of high mountains, would you expect atmospheric $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ to increase or decrease?

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Vivek Singh
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02:08

Problem 8

Rates of respiration are known to vary positively with temperature. As increasing $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ causes temperatures at the Earth's surface to rise, would changing rates of respiration tend to exacerbate or dampen this rise?

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Vivek Singh
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01:48

Problem 9

How does a food web that diagrams the movement of carbon through an ecosystem also show how energy is transferred from one organism to the next?

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Vivek Singh
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01:56

Problem 10

Biomass generally declines substantially as we move upward from one trophic level to the next in a trophic pyramid. This pattern was discussed in this section in terms of energy loss from one level to the next, but carbon must be lost as well. What happens to it?

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Vivek Singh
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01:35

Problem 11

Describe how herbivores can affect the abundances of organisms at higher and lower trophic levels.

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Vivek Singh
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01:37

Problem 12

Describe two ways that the biological nitrogen cycle interacts with the biological carbon cycle.

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Vivek Singh
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01:17

Problem 13

What are two ways in which the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles differ?

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Vivek Singh
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02:13

Problem 14

If photosynthetic organisms all gain carbon and energy in much the same way, how do diverse photoautotrophs persist in ecosystems?

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Vivek Singh
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01:35

Problem 15

How can plant diversity influence rates of primary production in terrestrial ecosystems?

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Vivek Singh
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02:09

Problem 16

Compare and contrast a modern marine food web with food webs that existed two billion years ago.

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Vivek Singh
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