Chapter Questions
Recall the chemical symbol for:a hydrogen b carbon c copper
We often use symbols and chemical formulas to describe substances in science. Explain why this is the case.
The chemical symbols used in science are often derived from ancient names. For example, gold has the symbol Au, which comes from aurum, the Latin word for gold. Explain why less reactive elements are more likely to have their Latin names.
Our understanding of the structure of elements has changed due to technological advances. Explain how a specific technological advancement has changed our understanding of the structure of an element.
Explain how a specific technological advancement has changed our understanding of the properties of an element.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) was very expensive and complicated to construct. Suggest a reason why scientists persisted with building the LHC, and recall the outcomes of the research so far.
Identify some physical differences between a metal and a non-metal.
Describe the properties and uses of copper.
Describe the properties and uses of oxygen.
Compare and contrast the properties of a metal and a non-metal element.
Carbon is often found as an allotrope. Explain what this term means and outline why carbon is classified as a non-metal.
Explain how the property of an element relates to its use, using an example.
Identify the general crystal shape that table salt (sodium chloride) forms.
Compare the main differences between a crystal of sodium chloride and a crystal of diamond.
Recall the definitions of an element, a compound and a mixture.
Describe how particles are arranged in an element.
Compare and contrast the particle arrangements in a compound and a mixture.
Recall two common compounds you have come across in this chapter. Identify their uses and their chemical formulas.
Sodium bicarbonate $\left(\mathrm{NaHCO}_3\right)$ is a common compound also known as baking soda. Identify the elements baking soda contains, including the element names and their symbols.
Gold is not chemically reactive, while nickel is. Explain why gold is more ideal to use in jewellery instead of nickel.
Water pipes used to be made from lead before copper became the preferred material. Plastics are now commonly used to make water pipes. Investigate these three substances and suggest reasons why lead was replaced by copper, and then why plastic replaced copper.
The development of human society has been closely linked to the availability of metals and materials. Using your understanding of one material used in prehistoric times, explain why this material was used, what it was used for and what we use to perform that function today.
Explain how our understanding of elements and their properties has helped to shape history.
Explain how technology affected the development of a particular culture.