Chapter Questions
Identify each of the endocrine organs in the figure.
Peptide hormones interact with what structures on the surface of a cell?a. receptor proteinsb. second messenger systemsc. pheromonesd. neurotransmitterse. digestive enzymes
A steroid hormone requires the use of a second messenger system to enter a cell.a. trueb. false
Which of the following acts as the link between the nervous system and the endocrine system?a. posterior pituitary glandb. anterior pituitary glandc. hypothalamusd. parathyroid
Growth hormone (GH) is released by what endocrine gland?a. posterior pituitary glandb. anterior pituitary glandc. hypothalamusd. adrenal gland
Which of the following hormones is regulated by positive feedback mechanisms?a. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)b. gonadotropic hormonec. oxytocind. growth hormonee. None of these are correct.
Thyroid hormones directly regulate what aspect of human physiology?a. circadian rhythmb. sex hormone productionc. metabolic rated. stress responsee. None of these are correct.
Which of the following hormones increases blood calcium levels?a. calcitoninb. parathyroid hormonec. thyroxine (T $_{4}$ )d. mineralocorticoids
Which of the following hormones is not produced by the adrenal cortex?a. glucocorticoidsb. mineralocorticoidsc. gonadocorticoidsd. norepinephrine
Which of the following is not correct regarding aldosterone?a. It is produced by the adrenal cortex.b. It is inhibited by the action of epinephrine.c. Its release is regulated by renin from the kidneys.It causes the kidneys to reabsorb sodium (Nat) ions.e. All of these are correct.
These hormones help regulate the electrolyte balance of the fluids of the body.a. mineralocorticoidsb. glucocorticoidsc. androgensd. epinephrinee. None of these are correct.
Which of the following correctly describes the hormone insulin?a. It is produced by $\mathrm{B}$ cells in the pancreas.b. It increases glucose uptake by liver and muscle cells.c. It is a peptide hormone.d. It lowers blood glucose levels.e. All of these are correct.
The hormone antagonistic to insulin isa. epinephrine.b. parathyroid hormone.c. glucagon.d. cortisol.e. progesterone.
The disease that is believed to be caused by an autoimmune response that destroys the pancreatic islets is calleda. Addison disease.b. diabetes insipidus.c. type 1 diabetes mellitus.d. type 2 diabetes mellitus.e. gestational diabetes.
The hormone produced by the pineal gland to regulate the circadian rhythm is calleda. estradiol.b. renin.c. leptin.d. melatonin.e. None of these are correct.
This hormone is involved with providing a feeling of fullness after a meal and thus has a role in weight regulation.a. erythropoietin (EPO)b. melatoninc. cortisold. prostaglandine. leptin
The nervous system is primarily responsible for responses to the _________ environment, while the endocrine system responds to the _________ environment.a. external; internalb. external; externalc. internal; externald. internal; internal
Which of the following would not be a response of the endocrine system?a. release of ADH to prevent water lossb. use of cortisol to control the stress responsec. movement of your fingers away from a hot surfaced. regulation of blood glucose levelse. production of sex hormones