Chapter Questions
The process by which male and female fishes release their gametes near each other in the water is called________.
The _____________ is the chamber of the heart that receives blood from the body.
A group of cells that develop from the nerve cord in vertebrates is called a _______________.
Which is the structure labeled A?A. ctenoid scalesB. lateral line systemC. neural crestD. operculum(IMAGE CAN'T COPY)
Which is the structure labeled B?A. gillsB. swim bladderC. ventricleD. pelvic fins(IMAGE CAN'T COPY)
Which structure allows fishes to control their depth in an aquatic environment?A. operculumB. swim bladderC. lateral lineD. jaws
Which adaptation allows fishes to be predators?A. paired finsB. placoid scalesC. jawsD. gills
There are more species of vertebrates living in the ocean than there are on land. Form a hypothesis to explain why this is true.
After ichthyologists discovered a new species of deep-sea predatory dragonfish, they were curious about the function of a long, thin luminescent protrusion called a barbel that was attached under its chin and trailed below its body. Design an experiment that would determine the function of the dragonfish's barbel.
Bluegill males make a nest and protect the eggs and newly hatched offspring. Sometimes intruding males are able to fertilize some of the eggs. The bluegill fathers can identify their biological offspring and will care only for them and not others that might hatch from the same nest. Why is it important for male bluegills to identify their own offspring and care only for them?
Complete the sentence by providing the missing vocabulary term from the Study Guide page.A___________ is a four-footed animal with legs that have feet and toes that have joints.
Complete the sentence by providing the missing vocabulary term from the Study Guide page.Which illustration shows an external parasite?(IMAGE CAN'T COPY)
Which ancient extinct fishes are ancestors tomodern fishes?A. ostracodermsB. ray-finned fishesC. coelacanthsD. jawless fishes
Which are characteristics of sharks?A. jawless, cartilaginous skeleton, lateral lineB. jawless, cartilaginous skeleton, ray-finnedC. jaws, bony skeleton, swim bladderD. jaws, cartilaginous skeleton, lateral line
Sketch the body forms of each of the main groups of fishes. Include and explain external adaptations of fishes to their environment.
In which situation does the trout use the most energy?(FIGURE CAN'T COPY)
Based on this experiment, if trout are trying to conserve energy, in which part of the stream would they be found?(FIGURE CAN'T COPY)
The $atrium$ is a chamber that receives the digestive wastes, urinary waste, and eggs or sperm before they leave the body.
The $\text{nictitating membrane}$ enables amphibians to hear sounds.
Amphibians have $\text{tympanic membranes}$ to protect their eyes from drying out.
Which is a caecilian?(IMAGE CAN'T COPY)
What does the phylogeny of tetrapods indicate about lobe-finned fishes?A. Lobe-finned fishes are the ancestors of amphibians.B. Lobe-finned fishes are similar to amphibians because they both have fins.C. Lobe-finned fishes are most closely related to hagfishes.D. Lobe-finned fishes are similar to amphibians because they both have lateral lines as adults.
What structures do amphibians use to maintain homeostatic water balance?A. nictitating membranes B. tympanic membranesC. kidneysD. swim bladders
Which is not associated with a tadpole?A. lungsB. tailWhich is not associated with a tadpole?A. lungsC. gillsB. tailD. herbivorous feedingD. herbivorous feeding
Draw a picture that would illustrate how amphibians are affected by increased exposure to ultraviolet light.
Describe how the structure and physiology of amphibians, presently adapted to temperate and tropical climates, might be modified to enable them to live in colder climates.
Describe how the senses of amphibians are adapted to life on land.
Tadpole larvae of certain frogs gather in clusters so close together that the group looks like a moving football in the water. Design an experiment that would test a hypothesis about why the tadpoles exhibit this behavior.
Read the advertisements for homes in the newspaper to see how they are written, and write an ad for an amphibian home site based on what you know about the habitat, nutrition, and other needs of frogs.
Determine the percent that each order of amphibians contributes to the total amount of amphibians.(DIAGRAM CAN'T COPY)
Research what efforts are being made by scientists to preserve amphibians. Write a newspaper article summarizing what you learned.
Describe the relationship between water depth during development and the survival rate of embryos.(GRAPH CAN'T COPY)
Form a hypothesis about the decline of amphibian populations in relation to changes in climate.(GRAPH CAN'T COPY)
Explain the theory of evolution in terms of violating Hardy-Weinberg conditions.
Describe the adaptations that helped plants survive on land.