Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life

Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers

Chapter 7

How Cells Release Chemical Energy - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

True or false? Unlike animals, which make many ATP by aerobic respiration, plants make all of their ATP by photosynthesis.

Dennis Howard

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Problem 2

Glycolysis starts and ends in the ________ .
a. nucleus
b. mitochondrion
c. plasma membrane
d. cytoplasm

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Problem 3

Which of the following metabolic pathways require(s) molecular oxygen $\left(\mathrm{O}_{2}\right) ?$
a. aerobic respiration
b. lactate fermentation
c. alcoholic fermentation
d. all of the above

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Problem 4

Which molecule does not form during glycolysis?
a. NADH
b. pyruvate
c. $\mathrm{FADH}_{2}$
d. ATP

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Problem 5

In eukaryotes, aerobic respiration is completed in the ________ .
a. nucleus
b. mitochondrion
c. plasma membrane
d. cytoplasm

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Problem 6

Which of the following reaction pathways is not part of the second stage of aerobic respiration?
a. electron transfer
phosphorylation
b. acetyl-CoA formation
c. Krebs cycle
d. glycolysis
e. a and d

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Problem 7

After Krebs reactions run through ________ cycle(s), one glucose molecule has been completely broken down to $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$.
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. six

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Problem 8

In the third stage of aerobic respiration, ________is the final acceptor of electrons.
a. Water
b. hydrogen
c. oxygen
d. NADH

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Problem 9

________ accepts electrons in alcoholic fermentation.
a. Oxygen
b. Pyruvat
c. Acetaldehyde
d. Sulfate

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Problem 10

Fermentation pathways make no more ATP beyond the small yield from glycolysis. The remaining reactions serve to regenerate ________.
a. FAD
b. $\mathrm{NAD}^{+}$
c. glucose
d. oxygen

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Problem 11

Most of the energy that is released by the full breakdown of glucose to $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ and water ends up in ________.
a. NADH
b. ATP
c. heat
d. electrons

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Problem 12

Your body cells can break down ________ as a source of energy to fuel ATP production.
a. fatty acids
b. glycerol
c. amino acids
d. all of the above

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Problem 13

Which of the following is not produced by an animal muscle cell operating under anaerobic conditions?
a. heat
b. pyruvate
c. $\mathrm{NAD}^{+}$
d. ATP
e. lactate
f. all are produced

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Problem 14

Match the reactions with the events.
________glycolysis
________fermentation
________Krebs cycle
________electron transfer phosphorylation
a. ATP, NADH, FADH $_{2}$ and $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ form
b. glucose to two pyruvate
c. $\mathrm{NAD}^{+}$ regenerated, little ATP
d. $\mathrm{H}^{+}$ flow via ATP synthases

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Problem 15

Match the term with the best description.
________mitochondrial matrix
________pyruvate
________$\mathrm{NAD}^{+}$
________mitochondrion
________NADH
________anaerobic
a. needed for glycolysis
b. inner space
c. makes many ATP
d. product of glycolysis
e. reduced coenzyme
f. no oxygen required

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