Chapter 9, Hypothesis Testing III Video Solutions, The Essentials of Statistics: A Tool for Social Research

Problem 1

Conduct the ANOVA test for each of the following sets of scores. (Hint: Follow the computational shortcut outlined in the One Step at a Time Box on p. 229, and keep track of all sums and means by constructing computational tables like Table $9.3$ or $9.4 .)$

Jeremiah Mbaria

Numerade Educator

04:03

Problem 2

SOC The Society for Ethical Culture provides nontheistic services in a congregational setting. Until three years ago, the membership of the Persepolis New York Society grew steadily every year, but then it leveled off. The leaders have therefore decided to launch a membership drive, but before they begin, they would like to find out what types of people are most likely to join. A random sample of 15 existing members have been asked how many times they attended services over the past 5 weeks and to provide some other information. Which differences among the members are significant?

Sheryl Ezze

Numerade Educator

02:58

Problem 3

SOC In a local community, a random sample of 18 couples has been assessed on a scale that measures the extent to which power and decision making are shared (lower scores) or monopolized by one party (higher scores) and marital happiness (higher scores indicate higher levels of happiness). The couples were also classified by type of relationship: traditional (only the husband works outside the home), dualcareer (both parties work), and cohabitational (parties living together but not legally married, regardless of work patterns). Does decision making or happiness vary significantly by type of relationship?
a. Decision Making
\begin{tabular}{ccc}
\hline \hline Traditional & Dual Career & Cohabitational \\
\hline 7 & 8 & 2 \\
8 & 5 & 1 \\
2 & 4 & 3 \\
5 & 4 & 4 \\
7 & 5 & 1 \\
6 & 5 & 2 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
b. Happiness
\begin{tabular}{ccc}
\hline \hline Traditional & Dual Career & Cohabitational \\
\hline 10 & 12 & 12 \\
14 & 12 & 14 \\
20 & 12 & 15 \\
22 & 14 & 17 \\
23 & 15 & 18 \\
24 & 20 & 22 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

Sheryl Ezze

Numerade Educator

02:30

Problem 4

CJ Two separate afterschool programs for atrisk teenagers have been implemented in the city of Redland. One is a big brother/big sister mentoring program in which adult volunteers are paired with troubled teenagers. The second involves extracurricular team sports competitions. In terms of the percentage reduction in crimes reported to the police over a one-year period, were the programs successful? The results are for random samples of 18 neighborhoods drawn from the entire city.

Sheryl Ezze

Numerade Educator

02:48

Problem 5

Are sexually active teenagers any better informed about AIDS and other potential health problems related to sex than teenagers who are sexually inactive? $\mathrm{A}$ 15 -item test of general knowledge about sex and health was administered to random samples of teens who are sexually inactive, teens who are sexually active but with only a single partner ("going steady"), and teens who are sexually active with more than one partner. Is there any significant difference in the test scores?

Harsh Gadhiya

Numerade Educator

00:32

Problem 6

SOC Does the rate of voter turnout vary significantly by the type of election? A random sample of voting precincts displays the following pattern of voter turnout by election type. Assess the results for significance.

Terrisa R

Numerade Educator

02:48

Problem 7

GER Do older citizens lose interest in politics and current affairs? A brief quiz on recent headline stories was administered to random samples of respondents from each of four different age groups. Is there a significant difference? The following data represent the number of correct responses.

Jacquelinne S. Mejia Sandoval

Numerade Educator

01:35

Problem 8

SOC A small random sample of respondents has been selected from the General Social Survey database. Each respondent has been classified as either ? city dweller, a suburbanite, or a rural dweller. Are there statistically significant differences by place of residence for any of the variables listed here?

Varsha Aggarwal

Numerade Educator

02:18

Problem 9

SOC Does support for suicide ("death with dignity") vary by social class? Is this relationship different in different nations? Small samples in three nations were asked if it is ever justified for a person with an incurable disease to take his or her own life. Respondents answered in terms of a 10 -point scale, on which 10 was "always justified" (the strongest support for "death with dignity") and 1 was "never justified" (the lowest level of support). Results are reported here.

Brandon Miskanic

Numerade Educator

01:50

Problem 10

SOC A researcher is studying the effects of the college experience on attitudes, values, and behaviors and is comparing small random samples from each class at the same university. Which of the following differences are significant?
a. Number of "close friends" from another racial or ethnic group:
\begin{tabular}{rccc}
\hline \multicolumn{4}{c} { Class } \\
\hline Freshman & Sophomore & Junior & Senior \\
\hline 7 & 0 & 10 & 0 \\
2 & 3 & 9 & 2 \\
5 & 4 & 8 & 3 \\
12 & 2 & 5 & 1 \\
9 & 7 & 1 & 1 \\
1 & 2 & 8 & 4 \\
0 & 0 & 7 & 5 \\
3 & 3 & 12 & 7 \\
4 & 4 & 10 & 10 \\
6 & 2 & 11 & 9 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
b. Score on a scale that measures political ideology. On this scale, 10 means "very conservative" and 1 means "very liberal."
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
\hline \multicolumn{5}{c} { Class } \\
\hline Freshman & Sophomore & Junior & Senior \\
\hline 7 & 7 & 9 & 1 \\
7 & 3 & 8 & 1 \\
5 & 7 & 5 & 5 \\
10 & 8 & 0 & 6 \\
9 & 5 & 1 & 5 \\
7 & 4 & 1 & 3 \\
6 & 1 & 2 & 5 \\
5 & 2 & 3 & 6 \\
4 & 4 & 5 & 1 \\
3 & 2 & 6 & 5 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
c. Number of minutes spent in the library each day studying:
\begin{tabular}{cccc}
\hline \hline \multicolumn{4}{c} { Class } \\
\hline Freshman & Sophomore & Junior & Senior \\
\hline 0 & 30 & 45 & 60 \\
30 & 90 & 45 & 0 \\
45 & 120 & 90 & 0 \\
60 & 100 & 180 & 120 \\
90 & 75 & 145 & 45 \\
45 & 60 & 100 & 45 \\
30 & 30 & 90 & 30 \\
15 & 45 & 110 & 60 \\
0 & 20 & 120 & 60 \\
30 & 45 & 110 & 180 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

Maxime Rossetti

Numerade Educator