Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective

Denise Anderson, Sarah Salm, Deborah Allen

Chapter 17

Immunologic Disorders - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

An IgE-mediated allergic reaction
a) reaches a peak within minutes after exposure to antigen.
b) occurs only in response to polysaccharide antigens.
c) requires complement activation.
d) requires considerable macrophage participation.
e) is characterized by induration.

Joanna Quigley

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

Which of the following statements is true of the ABO blood group system in humans?
a) A antigen is present on type $\mathrm{O}$ red blood cells.
b) People with blood group A have A antigens on their red blood cells and natural anti-A antibodies in their plasma.
c) Natural anti-A and anti-B antibodies are of the class IgG.
d) People with blood group $\mathrm{O}$ do not have natural antibodies against A and B antigens.
e) In blood transfusions, incompatibilities cause complement mediated lysis of red blood cells.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Repeated injections of very small amounts of antigen are an effective therapy for combating allergies because
a) IgG production is stimulated, which outcompetes IgE for the antigen.
b) IgG binds to mast cells before IgE can do so.
c) repeated exposure will cause production of IgE to decrease.
d) antigen binds to mast cells and prevents their degranulation.
e) repeated exposure to antigen prevents the production of histamine.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

Which of the following could be the result of a type III hypersensitivity reaction?
a) DiGeorge syndrome
b) glomerulonephritis
c) rheumatoid arthritis
d) hemolytic disease of the newborn
e) anaphylactic shock

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

Delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions in the skin
a) are characterized by a wheal and flare reaction.
b) peak at 4 to 6 hours after exposure to antigen.
c) require complement activation.
d) show induration because of the influx of sensitized T cells and macrophages.
e) depend on activities of the Fc portion of antibodies.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

Organ transplants, such as of kidneys
a) are experimental at present.
b) can be successful only if there are exact matches between donor and recipient.
c) survive best if irradiated before the transplant.
d) survive best if $\mathrm{B}$ cells are suppressed in the recipient.
e) may be rejected by a complex process in which cellular mechanisms predominate.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

All of the following are true of autoimmune disease except
a) some seem to have a genetic component.
b) induction of tolerance may alleviate symptoms.
c) damage to organs occurs due to long-term exaggerated production of IgE.
d) disease may result from reaction to viral antigens that are similar to autoantigens.
e) some are organ-specific and some are widespread in the body.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

All of the following approaches are used to treat autoimmune diseases except
a) immunosuppressant drugs.
b) induction of tolerance.
c) antibiotics.
d) anti-inflammatory medications.
e) replacement therapy, as with insulin in diabetes.

Christian Daniele

Christian Daniele

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

If the thymus is removed from a 2-year-old child, you might expect which of the following to occur?
a) increased success of an organ transplant and increased incidence of bacterial infection.
b) increased success of an organ transplant and decreased incidence of bacterial infection.
c) decreased success of an organ transplant and increased incidence of viral infection.
d) decreased incidence of cancer and decreased incidence of viral infection.
e) decreased success of an organ transplant and increased incidence of cancer.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

In which one of the following combinations of hypersensitivity reactions are $\mathrm{B}$ cells involved?
a) Type I, but not types II, III, and IV hypersensitivity
b) Type IV, but not types I, II, and III hypersensitivity
c) Types I, II, and III, but not type IV hypersensitivity
d) Types II, III, and IV, but not type I hypersensitivity
e) $\mathrm{B}$ cells are involved in all types of hypersensitivity.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator