Pearson IIT Foundation Series Chemistry

Trishna Knowledge Systems

Chapter 9

Industrial Chemistry - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Fullerene molecules are synthesized by subliming coal using laser radiation.

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Problem 2

State whether the following statements are true or false.
$\mathrm{HCl}$ can be used to remove rust from iron.

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Problem 3

State whether the following statements are true or false.
A fire extinguisher contains sodium bicarbonate and acid.

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Problem 4

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Impervious nature of ceramics is the effect of glazing.

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Problem 5

State whether the following statements are true or false.
On long standing, bleaching powder undergoes autooxidation.

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Problem 6

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Setting of mortar is the result of reaction between slaked lime and $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ of air.

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Problem 7

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Phosphorous is widely used in match industry due to its low ignition temperature.

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Problem 8

Fill in the blanks.
In the preparation of diamonds industrially carbon changes its state from_____ to _____ form.

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Problem 9

Fill in the blanks.
The reaction of $\mathrm{NaCl}$ and $\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}$ gives sodium carbonate. But this reaction cannot be used for the
manufacture of washing soda since it is _____.

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Problem 10

Fill in the blanks.
______ is the main ingredient used in the preparation of superphosphate of lime.

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Problem 11

Fill in the blanks.
Common name of calcium chloro hypochlorite is _____.

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Problem 12

Fill in the blanks.
_____, _____ are produced during the combustion of fossil fuels.

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Problem 13

Fill in the blanks.
The clay used for the manufacture of earthenware is ______.

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Problem 14

Fill in the blanks.
The type of glass which consists of a layer of plastic embedded in between two layers of glass is called ________.

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Problem 15

Match the entries given in column $A$ with the appropriate ones in column B.
$$
\begin{array}{lll}
\text { Column } \mathrm{A} & & \text { Column } \mathrm{B} \\
\hline \text { A. } \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}+\mathrm{SiO}_{2} & \text { () } & \text { a. Simple pottery } \\
\text { B. } \mathrm{CaOCl}_{2} & \text { () } & \text { b. Fertilizer } \\
\text { C. } \mathrm{Fe}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}+\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}+\mathrm{SiO}_{2} & \text { () } & \text { c. Glass } \\
\text { D. } \mathrm{Ca}_{2} \mathrm{HPO}_{4}+\mathrm{CaSO}_{4} & \text { () } & \text { d. Cement } \\
\text { E. } \mathrm{CaCO}_{3}+\mathrm{SiO}_{2}+\mathrm{Al}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3} & \text { () } & \text { e. Bleaching agent } \\
\hline
\end{array}
$$

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Problem 16

Sugar on treating with $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$ produces a black mass. In this $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$ acts as a
(a) decarboxylating agent
(b) dehydrogenating agent
(c) dehydrating agent
(d) reducing agent

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Problem 17

Noble metals get dissolved in aqua regia, the composition of aqua regia is
(a) $3 \mathrm{HCl}+\mathrm{HNO}_{3}$
(b) $3 \mathrm{HNO}_{3}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$
(c) $\mathrm{HCl}+3 \mathrm{HNO}_{3}$
(d) $\mathrm{HNO}_{3}+3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$

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Problem 18

Which of the following reactions is called slaking of lime?
(a) $\mathrm{CaCO}_{3} \rightarrow \mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{CO}_{2}$
(b) $\mathrm{CaO}+2 \mathrm{HCl} \rightarrow \mathrm{CaCl}_{2}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
(c) $\mathrm{CaO}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{Ca}(\mathrm{OH})_{2}+$ heat
(d) $\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}+\mathrm{NaCl} \rightarrow \mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{CaCl}_{2}$

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Problem 19

Identify which contributes for strengthening of lime mortar structures and contributes for weaken-
ing of RCC structures.
(a) usage of water containing dissolved salts
(b) addition of lime
(c) absorption of $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$ from atmospheric air
(d) both $(2)$ and $(3)$

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Problem 20

Bleaching powder is effective with cold water, but ineffective with hot water. This is because of
(a) oxidation of chloride radical
(b) reduction of chloride radical
(c) reduction of hypochlorite radical
(d) hydrolysis of hypochlorite radical

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Problem 21

Which among the following substances is not a component of the mixture used for glazing pottery?
(a) feldspar
(b) silica
(c) borax
(d) alumina

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Problem 22

Which of the following substances is a compound fertilizer?
(a) CAN
(b) urea
(c) Epsom salt
(d) ammonium phosphate

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Problem 23

The glass containing litharge as an ingredient makes the optical fibres glow because it
(a) increases the refractive index
(b) has low density
(c) is highly thermally resistant
(d) scatters all the radiations incident on it

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Problem 24

Which property is imparted to glass by the addition of cerium oxide?
(a) colour
(b) resistance to breakage
(c) increase of refractive index
(d) protection from UV light

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Problem 25

The composition of flint glass is
(a) $\mathrm{SiO}_{2}+\mathrm{Na}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}$
(b) $\mathrm{SiO}_{2}+\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}+\mathrm{CuSO}_{4}$
(c) $\mathrm{SiO}_{2}+\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}$
(d) $\mathrm{SiO}_{2}+\mathrm{K}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}+\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}+\mathrm{Pb}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{4}$

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Problem 26

Which of the following statements is true about glass?
(a) Arrangement of silicate units is similar to that of liquid state.
(b) Arrangement of silicate units is similar to that of solid state.
(c) It has low viscosity and hence is not a true solid.
(d) It has high viscosity with sharp melting point and hence is a solid.

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Problem 27

The broken pieces of glass added to the fused raw materials in the manufacture of glass is called
(a) batch
(b) glass gall
(c) cullet
(d) none of these

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Problem 28

When rain water percolates into the cracks of $\mathrm{RCC}$, it further gets weakened due to the
(a) formation of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{CO}_{3}$
(b) increase in $\mathrm{pH}$ value
(c) increase in the percentage of free lime
(d) exothermic hydration process

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Problem 29

Which of the following is not an ingredient of clinker cement?
(a) calcium silicate
(b) aluminium silicate
(c) calcium aluminium silicate
(d) gypsum

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Problem 30

Which of the nitrogenous fertilizers can meet the needs for immediate requirement of crop?
(a) potassium nitrate
(b) superphosphate of lime
(c) calcium cyanamide
(d) CAN

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Problem 31

The steps for the manufacture of nitric acid by Ostwald process are given. Arrange them in sequence.
(a) recirculation of nitric oxide
(b) addition of $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ to nitrogen dioxide
(c) oxidation of nitric oxide
(d) catalytic oxidation of ammonia
(a) 4321
(b) 4312
(c) 3421
(d) 3412

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Problem 32

For the manufacture of cement various steps are given below. Arrange the steps in a proper sequence.
(1) clinker formation
(2) crushing
(3) addition of gypsum
(4) mixing of raw materials
(5) grinding to fine powder
(6) calcination in rotary kiln
(a) 426135
(b) 246351
(c) 431652
(d) 123456

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Problem 33

For the manufacture of glass, various steps are given below. Arrange the steps in a proper sequence.
(a) melting of raw materials
(b) adding cullet to raw materials
(c) conversion of raw material to fine powder
(d) annealing
(5) refining
(a) 12345
(b) 21354
(c) 32154
(f) 32154

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Problem 34

Which of the following gases with a smell of rotten egg is evolved when sulphuric acid is treated with copper sulphide?
(a) sulphur vapour
(b) sulphur dioxide
(c) hydrogen sulphide
(d) sulphur trioxide

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Problem 35

Which of the following reagents is used to test the presence of $\mathrm{SO}_{2}$ gas?
(a) acidified potassium manganate
(b) alkaline potassium manganate
(c) alkaline potassium dichromate
(d) acidified potassium dichromate

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Problem 36

Excess of nitrogenous fertilizers is harmful because they
(a) increase the acidity of the soil
(b) do not get distributed uniformly in the soil
(c) get leached away from the soil easily and pollute the water bodies
(d) produce extra heat which burns plants

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Problem 37

The ions responsible for the bleaching action of bleaching powder and the ions responsible for loss of bleaching action of bleaching powder due to the storage for long time respectively are
(a) $\mathrm{Cl}^{-}, \mathrm{OCl}^{-}$
(b) $\mathrm{OCl}^{-}, \mathrm{Cl}^{-}$
(c) $\mathrm{OCl}^{-}, \mathrm{ClO}_{3}^{-}$
(d) $\mathrm{Cl}^{-}, \mathrm{ClO}^{-}$

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Problem 38

In which of the following uses of graphite, is the presence of van der Waal's forces of attraction in graphite not exploited?
(a) pencil lead
(b) electrodes
(c) lubricant
(d) refractory crucibles

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Problem 39

Formula of plaster of Paris is
(a) $\mathrm{CaSO}_{4} \cdot \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
(b) $3 \mathrm{CaSO}_{4} \cdot \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
(c) $\mathrm{CaSO}_{4} \cdot 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
(d) $\mathrm{CaSO}_{4} \cdot 1 / 2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$

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Problem 40

Identify the compound which is the final product of Solvay process
(a) ammonium carbonate
(b) ammonium bicarbonate
(c) sodium carbonate
(d) sodium bicarbonate

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Problem 41

Manufacture of which of the following does not require limestone as a raw material?
(a) quick lime
(b) baking soda
(c) glass
(d) plaster of Paris

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Problem 42

Which among the following is a micronutrient?
(a) potassium
(b) phosphorus
(c) nitrogen
(d) cobalt

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Problem 43

Which of the following imparts purple colour to glass?
(a) $\mathrm{Cr}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{3}$
(b) $\mathrm{AuCl}_{3}$
(c) $\mathrm{Cu}_{2} \mathrm{O}$
(d) $\mathrm{MnO}_{2}$

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Problem 44

Which of the following fertilizers does not replenish nitrogen in the soil?
(a) CAN
(b) urea
(c) superphosphate lime
(d) ammonium phosphate

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Problem 45

Which of the following acids is produced by treating $\mathrm{KNO}_{3}$ with $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}$ under suitable experimental conditions?
(a) $\mathrm{HNO}_{2}$
(b) $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{3}$
(c) $\mathrm{HNO}_{3}$
(d) $\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{~S}_{2} \mathrm{O}_{7}$

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