Chapter Questions
An insect's ____ deliver nitrogen-rich waste to its gut a. nephridiab. nephronsc. Malpighian tubulesd. contractile vacuoles
Body fluids of a marine bony fish have a solute concentration that is ___ its surroundings. a. higher thanb. lower thanc. equal to
Bowman's capsule, the start of the tubular part of a nephron, is located in the ___.a. renal cortexb. renal medulla c. renal pelvisd. renal artery
Fluid that enters Bowman's capsule flows directly into the ___.a. renal arteryb. proximal tubulec. distal tubuled. loop of Henle
Blood pressure forces water and small solutes into Bowman's capsule during ____.a. glomerular filtrationb. tubular reabsorptionc. tubular secretiond. both a and c
Kidneys return most of the water and small solutes back to blood by way of ____.a. glomerular filtrationb. tubular reabsorptionc. tubular secretiond. both a and b
ADH binds to receptors on distal tubules and collecting tubules, making them ___ permeable to ___.a. more; waterb. less; waterc. more; sodiumd. less; sodium
Increased sodium reabsorption ____..a. will make urine more concentratedb. will make urine more dilutec. is stimulated by aldosteroned. both a and c
Secretion of $\mathrm{H}^{+}$ into kidney tubules ___.a. makes extracellular fluid less acidicb. makes urine less acidicc. can cause acidosisd. both a and c
Match each structure with a function._____ureter_____ Bowman's capsule _____urethra _____collecting tubule _____pituitary glanda. start of nephronb. delivers urine to body surfacec. carries urine from kidney to bladderd. secretes ADHe. target of aldosterone
An increased capacity for sodium absorption is adaptive for humans who live in ______ a climate.a. hotb. coldc. rainyd. temperate
The main control center for maintaining mammalian body temperature is in the ____a. anterior pituitaryb. renal cortexc. adrenal glandd. hypothalamus
Which has a higher metabolic rate?a. an endothermb. an ectotherm
How does the human body respond to an increase in core body temperature?a. Decreased blood flow to the skinb. Increased sweatingc. Increased activity of brown adipose tissued. Increased output of thyroid hormone
Which organelle in brown adipose tissue gives this tissue its heightened capacity to produce heat?a. mitochondriab. endoplasmic reticulumc. Golgi bodiesd. ribosomes