Nester's Microbiology: A Human Perspective

Denise Anderson, Sarah Salm, Deborah Allen

Chapter 28

Microbial Ecology - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

Cyanobacteria are
a) primary producers.
b) consumers.
c) herbivores.
d) decomposers.
e) more than one of the above.

Joanna Quigley

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

Which of the following is false?
a) Culture techniques are an accurate way of determining which members in a microbial community are most common.
b) Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can be used to distinguish subsets of prokaryotes that contain a specific nucleotide sequence.
c) The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used to distinguish subsets of prokaryotes based on their 16 S rRNA sequences.
d) Studying the genome of one organism can give insights into the characteristics of another.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Which of the following pairs that relate to aquatic environments does not match?
a) Oligotrophic - nutrient poor
b) Hypoxic- $\mathrm{O}_{2}$ poor
c) Epilimnion- $\mathrm{O}_{2}$ poor
d) Hypolimnion-lower layer
e) Eutrophic - nutrient rich.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

Adding high levels of nutrients to a lake or inshore area would have all of the following effects in that environment except
a) death of clams and crabs.
b) increased growth of heterotrophic microbes.
c) increased growth of photosynthetic organisms.
d) increased levels of dissolved $\mathrm{O}_{2}$

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

Which of the following pairs that relate to terrestrial environments does not match?
a) Soil-minimal biodiversity
b) Bacillus - endospores
c) Streptomyces- geosmin production
d) Fungi-lignin degradation
e) Rhizosphere - soil that adheres to plant root

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

Atmospheric nitrogen can be used
a) directly by all living organisms.
b) only by aerobic bacteria.
c) only by anaerobic bacteria.
d) in symbiotic relationships between rhizobia and plants.
e) in photosynthesis.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

Which process converts ammonium (NH $_{4}{^+}$ ) into nitrate $\left(\mathrm{NO}_{3}{^-}\right) ?$
a) Nitrogen fixation
b) Ammonification
c) Nitrification
d) Denitrification
e) Anammox.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

Energy for ecosystems can come from
a) sunlight via photosynthesis.
b) oxidation of reduced inorganic chemicals by chemoautotrophs.
c) both a and b.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

Mycorrhizas represent associations between plant roots and microorganisms that
a) are antagonistic.
b) help plants take up phosphorus and other nutrients from soil.
c) involve algae in the association with plant roots.
d) form nodules on the plant's leaves.
e) lead to the production of antibiotics.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

In symbiotic nitrogen fixation by rhizobia and legumes
a) the amount of nitrogen fixed is much greater than by non symbiotic organisms.
b) neither the bacteria nor the legume can exist independently.
c) the bacteria enter the leaves of the legume.
d) the bacteria operate independently of the legume.

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator