Chapter Questions
Define artificial transmutation.
Energy released in a nuclear reaction is given by ____
What is a chain reaction?
____are used to absorb the neutrons in a nuclear reactor.
In a discharge tube, at what pressure cathode rays are produced?
Thorium series is also called ____
If the half-life period of a radioactive substance is 0.693 years, what is its decay constant?
The first radioactive element discovered is ____
What happens when cathode rays are suddenly stopped?
In a nuclear reactor, what is the function of heat exchanger?
What is the measure of the stability of the atom?
$\mathrm{H}_1^3+\longrightarrow{ }_2 \mathrm{He}^4+{ }_0 \mathrm{n}^1+$ Energy
How can we say that cathode rays consist of negatively charged particles?
Radioactive isotope of carbon is ____
Define binding energy.
What is a fusion reaction?
How are $\mathrm{X}$-rays produced?
In artificial transmutation, the bombarding particles are called ____
What forces are responsible for keeping the nucleons together in a nucleus?
Why are nuclear fusion reactions also known as thermo-nuclear reactions?
Which rays among $\alpha, \beta$ and $\gamma$ are deflected most in a magnetic field? Which rays remain undeflected?
The radioactive isotope used in the treatment of cancer is a good source of ____radiations.
What is a moderator? Give one example,
What is radioactive transformation or radioactive decay?
What is the use of control rods?
What is the use of Geiger counter?
In all radioactive series, the end element formed is
Name the three radioactive series. Which series is referred to as $4 \mathrm{n}$ Series?
$4 n+2$ series is called ____series.
Define isotopes, isobars and isotones.
State the laws of radioactive emissions.
Find the binding energy per nucleon for a lithium nucleus ${ }_3 \mathrm{Li}^7$. Take mass of ${ }_3 \mathrm{Li}^7=7 \mathrm{u}$, mass of proton $1.007825 \mathrm{u}$ and mass of neutron $=1.008665 \mathrm{u}$. Take $1 \mathrm{u}=931.5 \mathrm{MeV}$.
Explain how the age of fossils is determined.
What are prompt fission and delayed fission reactions?
Mention the properties of cathode rays.
What is nuclear fusion? What are the conditions for a nuclear fusion reaction to take place?
Explain nuclear chain reactions.
Explain why the energy released during fusion cannot be used to produce electricity.
Mention the properties of X-rays.
What is a nuclear reactor? Name its different parts.
Give any three uses of radio-isotopes.
Explain nuclear fission by giving an example.
Mention the uses of X-rays.
Using $\mathrm{E}=\mathrm{mc}^2$, find out the energy released, when $1 \mathrm{u}$ of mass disappears.Take $1 \mathrm{u}=1.66 \times 10^{-27} \mathrm{~kg}$.
What is a radioactive series? How is it formed? Explain.
What is a Liquid Drop Model? How does it help in the understanding of fission reaction?
Explain in detail the nuclear hazards and the safety precautions to be taken.
Describe how cathode rays are produced in a discharge tube. Write down the properties and uses of cathode rays.
Describe in detail the process of $\beta$-decay and $\gamma$-decay.
Compare the properties of $\alpha, \beta$ and $\gamma$ radiations.