Chapter Questions
Reconstruct Table 9.1 for when Victor Video is watching a $4 \mathrm{Mbps}$ video, Facebook Frank is looking at a new 100 Kbyte image every 20 seconds, and Martha Music is listening to $200 \mathrm{kbps}$ audio stream.
There are two types of redundancy in video. Describe them, and discuss how they can be exploited for efficient compression.
Suppose an analog audio signal is sampled 16,000 times per second, and each sample is quantized into one of 1024 levels. What would be the resulting bit rate of the PCM digital audio signal?
Multimedia applications can be classified into three categories. Name and describe each category.
Streaming video systems can be classified into three categories. Name and briefly describe each of these categories.
$$\text { List three disadvantages of UDP streaming. }$$
With HTTP streaming, are the TCP receive buffer and the client's application buffer the same thing? If not, how do they interact?
Consider the simple model for HTTP streaming. Suppose the server sends bits at a constant rate of $2 \mathrm{Mbps}$ and playback begins when 8 million bits have been received. What is the initial buffering delay $t_n$ ?
What is the difference between end-to-end delay and packet jitter? What are the causes of packet jitter?
\text { Why is a packet that is received after its scheduled playout time considered lost? }
Section 9.3 describes two FEC schemes. Briefly summarize them. Both schemes increase the transmission rate of the stream by adding overhead. Does interleaving also increase the transmission rate?
How are different RTP streams in different sessions identified by a receiver? How are different streams from within the same session identified?
What is the role of a SIP registrar? How is the role of an SIP registrar different from that of a home agent in Mobile IP?