Biology

Sylvia S. Mader, Michael Windelspecht

Chapter 18

Origin and History of Life - all with Video Answers

Educators

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

For questions 1–5, match the statements with events in the key. Answers may be used more than once.
Key:
a. early Earth d. protocell evolves
b. monomers evolve e. self-replication system evolves
c. polymers evolve

The heat of the sun could have caused amino acids to form proteinoids.

Rikhil Makwana

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Problem 2

For questions 1–5, match the statements with events in the key. Answers may be used more than once.
Key:
a. early Earth d. protocell evolves
b. monomers evolve e. self-replication system evolves
c. polymers evolve

In a liquid environment, phospholipid molecules automatically form a membrane

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Problem 3

For questions 1–5, match the statements with events in the key. Answers may be used more than once.
Key:
a. early Earth d. protocell evolves
b. monomers evolve e. self-replication system evolves
c. polymers evolve

As the Earth cooled, water vapor condensed, and subsequent rain produced the oceans.

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Problem 4

For questions 1–5, match the statements with events in the key. Answers may be used more than once.
Key:
a. early Earth d. protocell evolves
b. monomers evolve e. self-replication system evolves
c. polymers evolve

Miller’s experiment shows that under the right conditions, inorganic chemicals can react to form small organic molecules.

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Problem 5

For questions 1–5, match the statements with events in the key. Answers may be used more than once.
Key:
a. early Earth d. protocell evolves
b. monomers evolve e. self-replication system evolves
c. polymers evolve

An abiotic synthesis may have occurred at hydrothermal vents.

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Problem 6

Evolution of the DNA $\longrightarrow \mathrm{RNA} \longrightarrow$ protein system was a milestone, because the protocell could now
a. be a heterotrophic fermenter.
b. pass on genetic information.
c. use energy to grow.
d. take in preformed molecules.
e. All of these are correct

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Problem 7

Fossils
a. are the remains and traces of past life.
b. can be dated absolutely according to their location in strata.
c. are usually remains of soft tissues, such as muscle.
d. have been found for all types of animals except humans.

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Problem 8

For questions 8–12, match the phrases with the divisions of geologic time in the key. Answers may be used more than once.
Key:
a. Cenozoic era c. Paleozoic era
b. Mesozoic era d. Precambrian time

dinosaur diversity, evolution of birds and mammals

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Problem 9

For questions 8–12, match the phrases with the divisions of geologic time in the key. Answers may be used more than once.
Key:
a. Cenozoic era c. Paleozoic era
b. Mesozoic era d. Precambrian time

contains the Carboniferous period

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Problem 10

For questions 8–12, match the phrases with the divisions of geologic time in the key. Answers may be used more than once.
Key:
a. Cenozoic era c. Paleozoic era
b. Mesozoic era d. Precambrian time

prokaryotes abound; eukaryotes evolve and become multicellular

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Problem 11

For questions 8–12, match the phrases with the divisions of geologic time in the key. Answers may be used more than once.
Key:
a. Cenozoic era c. Paleozoic era
b. Mesozoic era d. Precambrian time

mammalian diversification

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Problem 12

For questions 8–12, match the phrases with the divisions of geologic time in the key. Answers may be used more than once.
Key:
a. Cenozoic era c. Paleozoic era
b. Mesozoic era d. Precambrian time

invasion of land

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Problem 13

Continental drift helps explain
a. mass extinctions.
b. the distribution of fossils on the Earth.
c. geological upheavals, such as earthquakes.
d. climatic changes.
e. All of these are correct

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Problem 14

Which scientist proposed the theory of continental drift?
a. Alfred Wegener
b. Stanley Miller
c. Thomas Cech
d. Claudia Huber
e. David Deamer

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Problem 15

Mass extinctions occurred during all of the following periods except which one?
a. Devonian
b. Permian
c. Triassic
d. Cretaceous
e. Carboniferous

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