• Home
  • Textbooks
  • Pathways to Astronomy
  • Overview of Stellar Evolution

Pathways to Astronomy

Stephen E. Schneider

Chapter 59

Overview of Stellar Evolution - all with Video Answers

Educators


Chapter Questions

03:25

Problem 1

Visit a spot where trees are growing. List the different things you find there and the evidence you can put together about their relative place in the life cycle of trees.

Victoria Karaluz
Victoria Karaluz
Numerade Educator
07:49

Problem 2

The solid line that illustrates the evolutionary path of a star like the Sun in Figure 59.4 is a bit deceptive. It gives the impression that we are as likely to see stars like the Sun in their protostar phase as in their main-sequence phase. However a star moves through some phases rapidly and others much more slowly. If instead of a line you put down one point for every 10 million years, you would get a better idea of where you would be likely to see stars like the Sun in the H-R diagram. Lightly sketch or trace the Sun's evolutionary path in an H-R diagram and then use the following times to estimate how many dots to put down in each portion of the Sun's evolutionary path: protostar phase $\sim 20$ million years (Myr); main-sequence phase $\sim 10,000 \mathrm{Myr}$ first red giant phase $\sim 1000$ Myr; yellow giant phase $\sim 100$ Myr; second red giant phase $\sim 10$ Myr; planetary nebula phase $0.01 \mathrm{Myr} ;$ white dwarf phase $\sim 3000$ Myr. (The star remains a white dwarf beyond this time, but fades from visibility.)

Keshav Singh
Keshav Singh
Numerade Educator
03:00

Problem 3

Examine the evolutionary path of the Sun in Figure 59.4 Compare the luminosity of a low-mass star on the main sequence to its luminosity as a red giant and as a white dwarf. How many times brighter and fainter will the Sun become than it is currently? What effects will this have on the Earth?

Farhanul Hasan
Farhanul Hasan
Numerade Educator
02:01

Problem 4

Examine the evolutionary path of the Sun in Figure 59.4 Estimate the size of the Sun when it becomes a red giant and white dwarf by referring to Unit $57 .$ If the Sun is currently $0.5^{\circ}$ across, how big will it appear to be when it is in its later stages of evolution?

Sanjeev Kumar
Sanjeev Kumar
Numerade Educator
04:29

Problem 5

Suppose you visited three different locations and measured the heights and strengths of everyone at each location. Imagine what kinds of heights and strengths you would likely find, then produce a height-strength figure for the population of people you predict that you would find at each of the following locations:
a. a kindergarten class
b. a college classroom
c. a shopping mall
What differences are there between your diagrams? Why?

Christy Galilei
Christy Galilei
Numerade Educator
03:00

Problem 6

Imagine that a large collection of stars with a wide assortment of masses forms in a group. Draw sketches of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram at three times: (a) soon after they formed; $(b)$ at the end of the main-sequence life of a star similar in mass to the Sun; (c) at the end of the mainsequence life of a star much less massive than the Sun. Describe in words the differences between the three sketches.

Farhanul Hasan
Farhanul Hasan
Numerade Educator