Psychology in Everyday Life

David G, Myers

Chapter 11

Social Psychology - all with Video Answers

Educators

KM

RI

Chapter Questions

Problem 1

If we encounter a person who appears to be high on drugs, and we make the fundamental attribution error, we will probably attribute the person's behavior to
a. moral weakness or an addictive personality.
b. peer pressure.
c. the easy availability of drugs on city streets.
d. society's acceptance of drug use.

Jessica Reyna

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 2

We tend to agree to a larger request more readily if we have already agreed to a small request. This tendency is called the _____ - _____ - _____ - _____ phenomenon.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Jamal's therapist has suggested that Jamal should "act as if" he is confident, even though he feels insecure and shy. Which social psychological theory would best support this suggestion, and what might the therapist be hoping to achieve?

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 4

Researchers have found that a person is most likely to conform to a group if
a. the group members have diverse opinions.
b. the person feels competent and secure.
c. the person admires the group's status
d. no one else will observe the person's behavior.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

In Milgram's experiments, the rate of obedience was highest when
a. the "learner" was at a distance from the "teacher."
b. the "learner" was near the "teacher."
c. other "teachers" refused to go along with the experimenter.
d. the "teacher" disliked the "learner."

Leonardo Filgueiras

Leonardo Filgueiras

Numerade Educator

Problem 6

Dr. Huang, a popular music professor, delivers fascinating lectures on music history but gets nervous and makes mistakes when describing exam statistics in front of the class. Why does his performance vary by task?

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 7

In a group situation that fosters arousal and anonymity, a person sometimes loses self-consciousness and self-control. This phenomenon is called _____.

Leonardo Filgueiras

Leonardo Filgueiras

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

Sharing our opinions with like-minded others tends to strengthen our views, a phenomenon referred to as _____ _____.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 9

Prejudice toward a group involves negative feelings, a tendency to discriminate, and overly generalized beliefs referred to as _____.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 10

If several well-publicized murders are committed by members of a particular group, we may tend to react with fear and suspicion toward all members of that group. In other words, we
a. blame the victim.
b. overgeneralize from vivid, memorable cases.
c. view the world as just.
d. rationalize inequality.

Leonardo Filgueiras

Leonardo Filgueiras

Numerade Educator

Problem 11

The other-race effect occurs when we assume that other groups are ______ (more/less) homogeneous than our own group.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 12

Evidence of a biochemical influence on aggression is the finding that
a. aggressive behavior varies widely from culture to culture.
b. animals can be bred for aggressiveness.
c. stimulation of an area of the brain's limbic system produces aggressive behavior.
d. a higher-than-average level of the hormone testosterone is associated with violent behavior in males.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 13

When those who feel frustrated become angry and aggressive, this is referred to as the _____ - _____ _____.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 14

Studies show that parents of delinquent young people tend to use beatings to enforce discipline. This suggests that aggression can be
a. learned through direct rewards.
b. triggered by exposure to violent media.
c. learned through observation of aggressive models.
d. caused by hormone changes at puberty.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 15

Social scientists studying the effects of pornography have mostly agreed that violent pornography
a. has little effect on most viewers.
b. is the primary cause of reported and unreported rapes.
c. leads viewers to be more accepting of coercion in sexual relations.
d. has no effect, other than short-term arousal and entertainment.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 16

The more familiar a stimulus becomes, the more we tend to like it. This exemplifies the _____ _____ effect.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 17

A happy couple celebrating their 50th wedding anniversary is likely to experience deep _____ love, even though their _____ love has probably decreased over the years.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 18

After vigorous exercise, you meet an attractive person, and you are suddenly seized by romantic feelings for that person. This response supports the two-factor theory of emotion, which assumes that emotions, such as passionate love, consist of physical arousal plus
a. a reward.
b. proximity.
c. companionate love.
d. our interpretation of that arousal.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 19

Due to the bystander effect, a particular bystander is less likely to give aid if
a. the victim is similar to the bystander in appearance.
b. no one else is present.
c. other people are present.
d. the incident occurs in a deserted or rural area.

Leonardo Filgueiras

Leonardo Filgueiras

Numerade Educator

Problem 20

Our enemies often have many of the same negative impressions of us as we have of them. This exemplifies the concept of _____ - _____ perceptions.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 21

One way of resolving conflicts and fostering cooperation is by giving rival groups shared goals that help them override their differences. These are called _____ goals.

Leonardo Filgueiras

Leonardo Filgueiras

Numerade Educator