Chapter 26, Philosophical Foundations Video Solutions, Artificial Intelligence. A Modern Approach [Global Edition]

Problem 1

Go through Turing's list of alleged "disabilities" of machines, identifying which have been achieved, which are achievable in principle by a program, and which are still problematic because they require conscious mental states.

Check back soon!

01:31

Problem 2

Attempt to write definitions of the terms "intelligence," "thinking," and "consciousness." Suggest some possible objections to your definitions.

Jessica Reyna

Numerade Educator

Problem 3

Does a refutation of the Chinese room argument necessarily prove that appropriately programmed computers have mental states? Does an acceptance of the argument necessarily mean that computers cannot have mental states?

Check back soon!

01:49

Problem 4

In the brain replacement argument, it is important to be able to restore the subject's brain to normal, such that its external behavior is as it would have been if the operation had not taken place. Can the skeptic reasonably object that this would require updating those neurophysiological properties of the neurons relating to conscious experience, as distinct from those involved in the functional behavior of the neurons?

Joanna Quigley

Numerade Educator

Problem 5

Alan Perlis (1982) wrote, "A year spent in artificial intelligence is enough to make one believe in God". He also wrote, in a letter to Philip Davis, that one of the central dreams of computer science is that "through the performance of computers and their programs we will remove all doubt that there is only a chemical distinction between the living and nonliving world." To what extent does the progress made so far in artificial intelligence shed light on these issues? Suppose that at some future date, the AI endeavor has been completely successful; that is, we have build intelligent agents capable of carrying out any human cognitive task at human levels of ability. To what extent would that shed light on these issues?

Check back soon!

01:26

Problem 6

Compare the social impact of artificial intelligence in the last fifty years with the social impact of the introduction of electric appliances and the internal combustion engine in the fifty years between 1890 and 1940 .

Quoc Tran

Numerade Educator

03:39

Problem 7

I. J. Good claims that intelligence is the most important quality, and that building ultraintelligent machines will change everything. A sentient cheetah counters that "Actually speed is more important; if we could build ultrafast machines, that would change everything," and a sentient elephant claims "You're both wrong; what we need is ultrastrong machines." What do you think of these arguments?

Ashley Volpe

Numerade Educator

Problem 8

Analyze the potential threats from AI technology to society. What threats are most serious, and how might they be combated? How do they compare to the potential benefits?

Check back soon!

Problem 9

How do the potential threats from AI technology compare with those from other computer science technologies, and to bio-, nano-, and nuclear technologies?

Check back soon!

Problem 10

Some critics object that $\mathrm{AI}$ is impossible, while others object that it is too possible and that ultraintelligent machines pose a threat. Which of these objections do you think is more likely? Would it be a contradiction for someone to hold both positions?

Check back soon!