Chapter Questions
The main source(s) of hydrogen and oxygen for plants is (are) ____________ .a. soil and airb. water and soilc. water and fertilizerd. water and air
Decomposing matter in soil is called ___________ .a. clayb. humusc. siltd. sand
Most water moves from soil to vascular cylinder ___________ .a. through root hairsb. between root cellsc. through root cell wallsd. in xylem
A ____________ strip between abutting endodermal cell walls forces water and solutes to move through these cells rather than around them.a. cutinb. Casparian$c$ cohesiond. cellulose
The nutrition of some plants is enhanced by a mutually beneficial association between a root and a fungus. The association is known as a ___________ .a. root noduleb. mycorrhizac. root haird. hypha
Water evaporation from plant parts is called ____________ .a. translocationb. respirationc. transpirationd. tension
Water transport from roots to leaves occurs by ___________ .a. a pressure gradient inside sieve tubesb. different solutes at source and sink regionsc. the pumping force of xylem vesselsd. transpiration, tension, and cohesion of water
Tracheids are part of __________.a. cortexb. mesophyllc. phloemd. xylem
Sieve tubes are part of _______ .a. cortexb. mesophyllc. phloemd. xylem
When stomata are open, a waterproof cuticle ___________ .a. minimizes water loss through plant surfacesb. inhibits gas exchange between the plant and the airc. allows translocation to occur
When guard cells swell, __________ .a. transpiration ceasesb. sugars enter phloemc. stomata opend. root cells die
In phloem, organic compounds flow through ________.a. collenchyma cellsb. sieve elementsc. vesselsd. tracheids
Sugar transport from leaves to roots occurs by _______________ .a. a pressure gradient inside sieve tubesb. different solutes at source and sink regionsc. the pumping force of xylem vesselsd. transpiration, tension, and cohesion of water
Match the concepts of plant nutrition and transport.a. end of a vessel elementb. takes up soil water and nutrientsc. required elementd. cohesion in xylem tubese. sugars unloaded from sieve tubesf. distributes sugarsg. separates cells in phloem tubesh. distributes wateri. balance water loss with gas exchangestomatanutrient$\sin k$root system sieve plate xylem phloem perforation plate hydrogen bonds